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Pedia > COMPLETE ASSESSMENT OF THE NEWBORN pt 2 > Flashcards

COMPLETE ASSESSMENT OF THE NEWBORN pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

immature fusion of the newborn’s cranial bones

A

Craniosynostosis

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2
Q

an accumulation of blood under the scalp, specifically in the subperiosteal space.

A

Cephalhematoma

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3
Q

swelling (edema) that affects a newborn’s scalp

A

Caput Succedaneum

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4
Q

Depressed fontanel

A

dehydration

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5
Q

Full bulging fontanel

A

intracranial pressure

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6
Q

Strabismus due until

A

4-6 months

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7
Q

red spot on the sclera

A

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

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8
Q

Subconjunctival hemorrhage is absorbed in

A

2-3 weeks

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9
Q

bleeding in the skull

A

Cephalhematoma

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10
Q

superficial, involve scal tissues, does not cross the suture line, bleeding between periostum and skull

A

Caput Succedaneum

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11
Q

determines if lens are clear = cataract

A

red reflex

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12
Q

pink iris means

A

sore eyes

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13
Q

Preauricular papillomas

A

ear tags

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14
Q

Low placement or low set of ears indicate:

A
  • Chromosomal defect
  • Kidney disease
  • Craniofacial lesions
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15
Q

Stenosis of naris

A

choanal atresia

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16
Q

small white epithelial cysts along midline of hard
palate

A

EPSTEIN PEARL

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17
Q

tongue tie

A

Frenulum linguae

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18
Q

white cheesy patches in mucous membrane and tongue

A

Moniliasis/Candidiasis

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19
Q

Usually blowing bubbles, mucus, drooling indicates

A

tracheoesophageal fistula and esophageal atresia

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20
Q

head can’t be turned from side to side; damaged sternocleidomastoid muscles

A

Torticollis or wry neck

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21
Q

Engorged breast due to influence of maternal hormone

A

witch milk

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22
Q

drawing in of the chest wall with inspiration

A

Retraction

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23
Q

Heart sounds heard on right side

A

dextrocardia

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24
Q

Umbilical stump appears

A

bluish white with 3 vessels

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25
Q

Umbilical stump appears ________ within ________________________________

A

dry; several hours after birth

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26
Q

Bowel sounds occur _________________ and are _____________ in ________________.

A

1 hour after birth; transient; first 24 hrs

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27
Q

Liver is usually palpable _________________________________

A

1 to 2 cm below the right costal margin.

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28
Q

Edge of the spleen may be palpable

A

1 to 2 cm below the left costal margin

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29
Q

bowel positioned in the chest instead of the abdomen

A

diaphragmatic hernia

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30
Q

protrusion or sac formation of abdominal content

A

Omphalocele

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31
Q

Vaginal discharge

A

mucoid or blood tinged (pseudo menstruation)

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32
Q

Location of urinary meatus of
penis
➢ dorsal (above – ________________)
or ventral (________________)

A

epispadias; hypospadias

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33
Q

absence of one or two testicles in the scrotum (undescended testes)

A

Cryptorchidism

34
Q

ventral curvature of penis

A

Chordee

35
Q

Unusually short arms may signify

A

achondroplastic dwarfism

36
Q

___________________ (a single palmar crease) – associated with _______________

A

Simian crease; Down syndrome

37
Q

Digits Assessment:

A

Syndactyly, polydactyly, adactyly

38
Q

indicates clubfoot

A

Plantar flexed feet

39
Q

Hip dislocation or dysplasia:
➢ Signs:

A

➢ ** (+) Ortolani’s Sign, (+) Barlow’s
Sign
➢ ** uneven gluteal folds, one knee
that is lower than the other
➢ *** when the newborn is supine
with both knees flexed.

40
Q

SKIN
➢ Normal: ________________________ at birth
: 2nd and 3rd day- ______________

A

red pink skin, smooth; pink, flaky, dry

41
Q

Hemangiomas

A

Nevus Flammeus, Strawberry Hemangioma, Cavernous
Hemangioma

42
Q

Birthmarks

A

A. Hemangiomas- Nevus Flammeus, Strawberry Hemangioma, Cavernous Hemangioma
B. Mongolian Spots

43
Q

Curve of back usually develops at

A

5-6 months

44
Q

incomplete closure of vertebrae indicates

A

spina bifida

45
Q

an opening in the spinal column with or without herniation of the meninges

A

spina bifida/Meningocele

46
Q

Touching Palms or sole near the base of digits

A

Grasping reflex

47
Q

Stroking outer sole upward from heel across ball of
foot

A

Babinski reflex

48
Q

Flexion of Hands &
Toes

A

Grasping reflex

49
Q

Hyperextension of toes and dorsiflexion of hallux

A

Babinski reflex

50
Q

DISAPPERANCE
Grasping reflex

A

Palmar- lessens after 3
months
Plantar- lessens by 8
months

51
Q

DISAPPERANCE
Babinski reflex

A

After 1 year

52
Q

Newborn’s lips are touched

A

Sucking reflex

53
Q

DISAPPERANCE
Sucking reflex

A

Begins to
diminish about 6
months of age
and disappears
by 1 year old

54
Q

Newborns who are held in
a vertical position with their
feet touch a hard surface

A

Step (walk)-in place
Reflex

54
Q

DISAPPERANCE Step (walk)-in place
Reflex

A

Disappears by 3
months of age.

54
Q

Touching the anterior
surface of the lower part of
a newborn’s leg against a
hard surface such as the
edge of a bassinet or table

A

Placing
Reflex

54
Q

Nb will take a few
quick, alternating
Steps

A

Step (walk)-in place
Reflex

54
Q

Newborn
Makes a few quick
lifting motions, as
if to step onto the
table

A

Placing
Reflex

54
Q

Newborns lie in a prone
position and are touched
along the paraventral area
by a probing finger

A

Trunk incurvation
reflex (gallant)

55
Q

They flex their trunk and
swing their pelvis
toward the touch

A

Trunk incurvation
reflex (gallant)

56
Q

DISAPPERANCE
Trunk incurvation
reflex (gallant)

A

4 months

57
Q

Newborn who is held in a
prone position with a hand
underneath, supporting the
trunk

A

Landau
Reflex

58
Q

Demonstrate
some muscle tone

A

Landau
Reflex

59
Q

Patellar reflexes
- Tapping the patellar
tendon with the tip of
the finger
Biceps reflex
- Place the thumb of
your left hand on the
tendon of the bicep’s
muscles

A

Deep
Tendon
Reflexes

60
Q

Lower leg
Moves perceptibly
if the infant has an
intact reflex.
You are more
likely to feel the
tendon contract
than to observe
movement.

A

Deep
Tendon
Reflexes

61
Q

Pressure is applied to the
soles of the feet of a
newborn lying in a suping
position

A

Magnet
Reflex

62
Q

Pushes
Back against the
pressure.

A

Magnet
Reflex

63
Q

One leg of the newborn
lying supine is extended
and the sole of that foot is
irritated by being brushed
with a soft object such as a
thumbnai

A

Crossed
Extension
Reflex

64
Q

Infant raises
the other leg
And extends it, as
if trying to push
away the hand
irritating

A

Crossed
Extension
Reflex

65
Q

FEEDING
* every

A

2 to 4 hours

66
Q

Feeding patterns become
fairly regular in approximately

A

2 weeks

67
Q

SLEEPING
* approximately

A

16 to 20 hours per day

68
Q

difficult for infants to fall
asleep by themselves (parents may rock,
walk, cuddle, or otherwise comfort the infant
as he tries to fall asleep)

A

first 3 to 4 months

69
Q

There are wide variations of “normal” as to
when babies sleep through the night. Some
are able to do so by __________________.
Others may not until they are ________________________

A

6 to 7 weeks of age; 3 or 4 months
old.

70
Q

may be used to detect
congenital disorders

A

Blood sampli

71
Q

Determined by state law or institutional
practice

A

NEWBORN SCREENING

72
Q

The Comprehensive Newborn Screening
(NBS) Program was integrated as part of
the country’s public health delivery system
with the enactment of the

A

Republic Act no.
9288 otherwise known as Newborn
Screening Act of 2004.

73
Q

Inclusions: screening of six disorders:

A
  1. Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH)
  2. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
  3. Phenylketonuria (PKU)
  4. Glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase
    (G6PD) Deficiency
  5. Galactosemia (GAL)
  6. Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD).
74
Q

The Expanded Newborn Screening will include 22
more disorders such as hemoglobinopathies and
additional metabolic disorders, namely, organic
acid, fatty acid oxidation, and amino acid disorders.
The latter are included in the standard care across
the globe.

A
  • Cystic Fibrosis
  • Biotinidase Deficiency
  • Organic Acid Disorders
  • Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders
  • Amino Acid Disorders
  • Urea Cycle Disorders
  • Hemoglobin Disorders
75
Q

ENBS is ideally done immediately after

A

4 hours
from birth.

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