Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pedia > Care of a Toddler > Flashcards

Care of a Toddler Flashcards

1
Q

Birth weight triples

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Birth length increases by 50%

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Equal head and chest circumference

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Teeth: upper and lower lateral incisors; total of six to eight

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Each year the toddler gains 5 to 10 lb (2.26 to 4.53 kg) and about 3 inches (7.62 cm).

A

12 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

By 12 months, birth weight __________________

A

triples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

By 12 months, birth length _________________

A

increases by 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

By 12 months, head and chest circumference are ____________

A

equal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

By 12 months, Teeth:

A

upper and lower lateral incisors; total of six to eight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

By 12 months, each year the toddler gains ___________ lb (_____________ kg) and about ___ inches (______ cm).

A

5 to 10; 2.26 to 4.53; 3; 7.62

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Growth rate begins to decrease

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Weight 24 lb (11 kg)

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Height: 31 inches (74.7 cm)

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Capacity of urinary bladder increases

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

By 15 months, growth rate begins to __________________

A

decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

By 15 months, weight is

A

24 lb (11 kg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

By 15 months, height is

A

31 inches (74.7 cm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

By 15 months, capacity of urinary bladder ___________

A

increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Growth decreases

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Appetite lessens (physiologic anorexia)

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Anterior fontanel closes

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Abdomen protrudes (larger than chest circumference)

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Canine teeth begin to erupt, followed by molars at around 20 months

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

By 18 months, growth _______________

A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

By 18 months, appetite ___________

A

lessens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

By 18 months, ____________ closes

A

anterior fontannel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

By 18 months, abdomen ___________ (larger than ______________)

A

protrudes; chest circumference

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

By 18 months, _____________begin to erupt, followed by ____________ at around _____________

A

canine teeth; molars; 20 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Weight: about 26-28 lb (11-12 kg)

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Height: about 32-33 inches (80-82 cm)

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

By 2 years, weight is

A

about 26-28 lb (11-12 kg)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

By 2 years, height is

A

about 32-33 inches (80-82 cm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Full set of 20 temporary teeth

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Dental care should begin between 1 and 2 years of age

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Decreased need for naps

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

By 30 months, full set of ______________________

A

20 temporary teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Dental care should begin between ________________

A

1 and 2 years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

By 30 months, decreased need for ______

A

naps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Walks alone with wide-based gait

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

creeps up stairs

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Builds tower of two blocks

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

throws objects and picks them up

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Drinks from cup with spillage

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

uses spoon clumsily

A

15 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Runs clumsily

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

climbs stairs or up on furniture

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Imitates strokes in drawing

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Drinks from cup

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

manages spoon

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Builds tower of three to four cubes

A

18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Gross motor skills refined

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Walks up and down stairs, one step at a time, holding onto rail

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Builds tower of six to seven cubes

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

uses cubes to form a train

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Walks on tiptoe

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

stands on one foot momentarily

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Builds tower of eight blocks

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Copies horizontal or vertical line

A

30 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

May attend to won toilet needs during day

A

30 months

60
Q

May begin to hold crayons with fingers rather than fists

A

30 months

61
Q

Begins to start to color within the lines of a picture

A

30 months

62
Q

Develops eye accommodation

A

2 years

63
Q

Visual Acuity 20/40

A

2 years

64
Q

By 2 years, visual acuity is

A

20/40

65
Q

Four—to six-word vocabulary

A

15 months

66
Q

States name

A

15 months

67
Q

Says “No” even while complying with request

A

15 months

68
Q

10– or more word vocabulary

A

18 Months

69
Q

Vocabulary: about 300 words

A

2 years

70
Q

Uses two– or three-word phrases

A

2 years

71
Q

Uses pronouns

A

2 years

72
Q

Obeys simple commands

A

2 years

73
Q

Makes simple choices when possible

A

2 years

74
Q

Asserting independence, sometimes forcefully; parents should understand this is not willful misbehaving; punishment will confuse child

A

18 months to 3 years

75
Q

Important for caregiver to balance opportunities to explore, offer encouraging environment in which failure is acceptable and not something to constantly avoid.

A

18 months to 3 years

76
Q

Actively experiments to achieve new goals

A

13 to 18 months
Tertiary Circular Reactions

77
Q

Increased Object permanence

A

13 to 18 months
Tertiary Circular Reactions

78
Q

Distinguishes object from self

A

13 to 18 months
Tertiary Circular Reactions

79
Q

Early memory

A

13 to 18 months
Tertiary Circular Reactions

80
Q

Relationships: spatial, causal, temporal

A

13 to 18 months
Tertiary Circular Reactions

81
Q

Can enter a sequence in progress

A

13 to 18 months
Tertiary Circular Reactions

82
Q

Unlimited object permanence awareness

A

19 to 24 months
Invention of new means through mental combinations

83
Q

Infers cause while effect is occurring

A

19 to 24 months
Invention of new means through mental combinations

84
Q

More symbolic mimicry

A

19 to 24 months
Invention of new means through mental combinations

85
Q

Time understood through anticipation, memory, and being able to wait

A

19 to 24 months
Invention of new means through mental combinations

86
Q

Egocentric thought and action (unable to understand others’ perspectives)

A

19 to 24 months
Invention of new means through mental combinations

87
Q

belief that one part’s change changes the whole– related to a desire for ritualism so nothing is out of sequence or out of order

A

Global organization

88
Q

Global organization

A

19 to 24 months
Invention of new means through mental combinations

89
Q

Language used as mental symbolizing

A

2 to 4 years

90
Q

Increased sense of time, space, causality but poor concept of passing of time

A

2 to 4 years

91
Q

Says “No” even while complying with request

A

15 months

92
Q

New awareness of strangers

A

18 months

93
Q

separation anxiety

A

18 months

94
Q

Begins to have temper tantrums

A

18 months

95
Q

Ritualistic; has favorite toy or blanket

A

18 months

96
Q

Thumb sucking most prominent

A

18 months

97
Q

Shows signs of increasing autonomy and individuality

A

2 years

98
Q

Makes simple choices when possible

A

2 years

99
Q

Remains ritualistic, especially at bedtime

A

2 years

100
Q

Can help undress self and pull on simple clothes

A

2 years

101
Q

Doesn’t share well

A

2 years

102
Q

Caregiver/ parent can help child learn boundaries by teaching them to accept appropriate limits

A

2 years

103
Q

Beginning to see self as separate individual from reflected appraisal of significant others

A

30 months

104
Q

Sees other children as objects

A

30 months

105
Q

Becomes increasingly independent, ritualistic and negativistic

A

30 months

106
Q

Need for autonomy; respond well to choices not requiring a “yes” or “no

A

30 months

107
Q

Erikson’s psychosocial developmental task for this age group (Todlerhood) is

A

autonomy (independence) while overcoming doubt and shame.

108
Q

This behavior is so common that the stage is commonly referred to as the “terrible twos,” but it is just as often referred to as the “terrific twos” because of the toddler’s exciting language development, the exuberance with which he or she greets the world, and a newfound sense of accomplishment.

A

Toddlerhood

109
Q

Balanced diet of table food vegetables, fruits and whole grains recommended

A

18 months

110
Q

Toddlers become “picky” or “fussy” eaters with preferences and amount consumed varying widely

A

18 months

111
Q

Colorful finger foods preferred

A

18 months

112
Q

Ritualism: preference for same dish, cup, or spoon; preferences and amount consumed varying widely

A

18 months

113
Q

May have rules about food touching, etc.

A

18 months

114
Q

Most important integrative task for toddler

A

Toilet Training

115
Q

an individualized task for each child. It should begin and be completed according to a child’s ability to accomplish it, not according to a set schedule

A

Toilet Training

116
Q

play the most vital role in toilet training

A

Approach and attitude of parents

117
Q

must be reached before toilet training is possible

A

Physical Maturation

118
Q

Sphincter control:

A

adequate when child can walk

119
Q

Urine retention:

A

at least 2 hours

120
Q

Demonstration of readiness:

A

18-24 months

121
Q

Usual age for bowel training:

A

22 to 30 months

122
Q

Daytime bowel and bladder control:

A

usually after 2 years of age

123
Q

Night control:

A

usually several months to years after achievement of daytime control

124
Q

Psychologic Readiness:

A
  • Aware of act of elimination
  • Able to inform caregiver of need to urinate or defecate
  • Desire to please parents
125
Q

Process of Training

A
  • Usually begins with bowel then bladder
  • Potty chair helpful so feet touch floor
  • Intermittent periods of urination and fecal soiling
  • Regression when there is stress (eg, new sibling)
126
Q

Parental Response

A
  • Choose specific word for act
  • Have specific time and place for elimination
  • Treat occasional accidents in matter-of-fact manner
  • Avoid punishing
127
Q

Encourage parents to offer___________________________ or ______________________ rather than high carbohydrate items for snacks

A

fruit (bananas, pieces of apple, orange slices) or protein foods (cheese or pieces of chicken)

128
Q

is especially important to the development of strong teeth and are good for snacks.

A

Calcium

129
Q

Toward the end of the toddler period, they can begin to do the brushing themselves under supervision (almost all children need some supervision until about age ____).

A

8

130
Q

Urge parents to schedule a first visit to a dentist skilled in pediatric dental care at _______________ of age for assessment of dentition

A

about 12 months

131
Q

They will use only “their” spoon at mealtime, only “their” washcloth at bath time

A

Ritualism

132
Q

As part of establishing their identities as separate individuals, toddlers typically go through a period of

A

extreme negativism

133
Q

They do not want to do anything a parent wants them to do. Their reply to every request is a very definite “no.”

A

Negativism

134
Q

It helps if parents say goodbye firmly, repeat the explanation they will be there when the child wakes in the morning, and then leave.

A

Separation Anxiety

135
Q

occur as a natural consequence of toddlers’ development

A

Temper Tantrums

136
Q

They occur because toddlers are independent enough to know what they want, but they do not have the vocabulary or the wisdom to express their feelings in a more socially acceptable way.

A

Temper Tantrums

137
Q

means setting rules or road signs so children know what is expected of them.

A

Discipline

138
Q

is a consequence that results from a breakdown in discipline, from the child’s disregard of the rules that were learned

A

Punishment

139
Q

2 general rules to follow:

A

(a) parents need to be consistent and
(b) rules are learned best if correct behavior is praised rather than wrong behavior punished.

140
Q

a technique to help children learn that actions have consequences.

A

Timeout

141
Q

playing alongside, not with, other children; less emphasis on exploration using senses; imitation is distinguishing characteristic

A

Parallel Play

142
Q

Dangers associated with toys:

A
  • Breaks toy through exploration and ingests small pieces
  • Ingests lead from lead based paint on toys
  • Is potentially burned by flammable toys
143
Q

Imitation and make-believe play begins by age

A

3 years

144
Q

Suggested toys

A
  • Play furniture, dishes, cooking utensils, telephone
  • Puzzles with few large pieces
  • pedal-propelled (eg, tricycle), straddle (eg, rocking horse)
  • Pounding, push-pull, blocks
  • Clay, crayons, finger paints
145
Q

are the type of accidents that occurs most frequently in toddlers.

A

Accidental ingestions (poisoning)

Pedia (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions