Comparative Male Reproductive Anatomy

Question 0

True or false: the tunica dartos can not sustain contractions.

Answer 0

False. It can.

Question 1

What is the cremaster responsible for?

Answer 1

Fight or flight scenario -> pulling testis up towards body cavity (can’t sustain contractions); responsible for pulling up tight against the body after ejaculation (for short periods of time)

Question 2

Differences between bull and alpaca?

Answer 2

Alpaca has a more prominent prostate
Smaller testis
Glans penis is a different shape

Question 3

Differences between bull and stallion?

Answer 3

Stallion has more prominent Cowper’s glands (vulva-urethral gland)
Different penis type
Testis oriented differently
Bulbo-spongiosous muscle (moves sperm through reproductive tract)

Question 4

Differences between bull and boar?

Answer 4

Boar has extensively developed vesicular glands
Prominent Cowper’s glands
Larger testis
Corkscrew glans penis

Question 5

Where does the volume of ejaculation come from?

Answer 5

Cowper’s/accessory glands

Question 6

Differences in bull vs Tom?

Answer 6

Prominent Cowper’s gland
Androgen dependent spines in penis
Smaller, different orientation of testis

Question 7

Differences between bull vs dog?

Answer 7

Only accessory gland is the 4-lobed prostate
Penis is different in free end
Different orientation of testis
Smaller testis

Question 8

Rank the following in order of testis size from largest to smallest: bull, ram, boar, stallion

Answer 8

Boar, bull, ram, stallion

Question 9

Describe the orientation of the bull testis.

Answer 9

Vertical

• facilitates evaporative cooling
• allows tail to be oriented farthest away from body wall (highest temperature) where ejaculatory reserves of sperm are

Question 10

Orientation of boar testis?

Answer 10

Oblique (“slanted”)

-oriented where head of epididymis is closer to the body and the tail is farthest from the body (at a slant)

Question 11

Orientation of stallion testis?

Answer 11

Horizontal

-oriented where tail of epididymis is at coolest point in this region

Question 12

Orientation of human testes?

Answer 12

Pendulus scrotum with coolest point farthest from body in vertical position

Question 13

Function of colliculus seminalis?

Answer 13

Lumen of area; large collecting duct; area that secretions from accessory sex glands are dumped; comes from urinary bladder and dumped into this area by urethras and expelled so sperm prepares for ejaculation

Question 14

The ___ has no prostate body.

Answer 14

Ram

Question 15

The __ has no ampulla and large vesicular glands and Cowper’s glands.

Answer 15

Boar

Question 16

The __ has no disseminate prostate and a large prostate body.

Answer 16

Human

Question 17

The __ has no disseminate prostate and a highly developed ampulla region.

Answer 17

Stallion

Question 18

The __ has no disseminate prostate or seminal vesicles.

Answer 18

Tom

Question 19

The __ only has a prostate gland and no disseminate prostate or seminal vesicles.

Answer 19

Dog

Question 20

What is benign prostate hyperplasia and what species is it associated with?

Answer 20

Humans: gland surrounds the colliculus seminalis (duct that connects urine and semen before expelled) and grows in size, pinching off urethra and causing problems with urination

Question 21

What is the purpose of clots/gels in ejaculate?

Answer 21

They help keep ejaculate in to prevent amount of semen from coming back out.

Question 22

Where do the fluids in ejaculate come from?

Answer 22

Accessory sex glands, semen, epididymis, fluids produced in testes

Question 23

Which species have a gel fraction in their ejaculate?

Answer 23

Boar and stallion

Question 24

Which species has a clotting enzyme in their ejaculate?

Answer 24

Humans

Question 25

Two different penis types? Differences? Examples?

Answer 25

Muscular-vascular: more erectile tissue, corpus cavernosum is softer with large sinuses, no sigmoid flexure (human, stallion)
Fibroelastic: limited erectile tissue, connective tissue encased (tunica albuginea), sigmoid flexure (bull, boar, ram)

Question 26

In the bull, ejaculate is released upon stimulation by __ in the glans penis.

Answer 26

Temperature

Question 27

Describe the glans penis of the ram.

Answer 27

Urethral process is on the end (filiform appendage) - sprays ejaculate all over the place

Question 28

__ forms a turgid bulb during erection in the dog that allows for the copulatory lock.

Answer 28

Bulbis-glands