Common neurotransmitters and their actions.

Question 1

Involved in learning and memory; relaxes muscle in the digestive tract; important for
relaxation of smooth muscle in blood vessels (vasodilation)

Answer 1

Nitric oxide

Question 2

Also part of a nucleotide, inhibits activities in certain CNS neurons

Answer 2

Adenosine

Question 3

Helps control and moderate the effects of dopamine

Answer 3

Neurotensin

Question 4

Prevents release of pain signals from neurons and fosters a feeling of well-being

Answer 4

Beta-endorphin

Question 5

Stimulates neurons in the brain to help mediate satiation (fullness) and repress hunger

Answer 5

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 6

Assists with pain information transmission into the brain

Answer 6

Substance P

Question 7

Inhibits activities of neurons in specific brain areas

Answer 7

Somatostatin

Question 8

Involved in memory regulation and energy balance (increased food intake and decreased
physical activity)

Answer 8

Neuropeptide Y

Question 9

Helps regulate response to noxious and potentially harmful stimuli

Answer 9

Enkephalin

Question 10

Small polypeptides act as signals to assist in and modulate communication among neurons in
the CNS

Answer 10

NEUROPEPTIDES

Question 11

Has various effects in the CNS, especially the spinal cord, thalamus, and hypothalamus

Answer 11

Epinephrine (adrenaline)

Question 12

Neurotransmitter of PNS (sympathetic division of autonomic nervous system) and specific
CNS regions

Answer 12

Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Question 13

Produces inhibitory activity in the brain; important roles in cognition (learning, memory),
motivation, behavior, and mood; opens K+ channels, closes Ca2+ channels

Answer 13

Dopamine

Question 14

A distinct group of monoamines

Answer 14

Catecholamines

Question 15

Has various functions in the brain related to sleep, appetite, cognition (learning, memory), and
mood; modulates actions of other neurotransmitters

Answer 15

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)

Question 16

Molecules synthesized from an amino acid by removing the carboxyl group and retaining the
single amine group; also called biogenic amines

Answer 16

MONOAMINES