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PSYCH 367 > Colour Perception > Flashcards

Colour Perception Flashcards

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1
Q

What is perceptual segregation?

A

Aids in discriminating objects from background

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2
Q

What is crypsis?

A

Camouflage, concealment, or disruption with respect to the surrounding environment

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3
Q

What is concealing coloration?

A

Animal has the same colour as its environment

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4
Q

What is disruptive coloration?

A

Pattern breaks up outline so one individual doesn’t stand out

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5
Q

What is mimesis?

A

Camouflage or concealment by imitation of another object

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6
Q

What is a disguise?

A

Animal that looks like another, unimportant object to predator or prey

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7
Q

What is mimicry?

A

Animal that looks like other distasteful or dangerous animals

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8
Q

What are spectral colours?

A

Those found in the rainbow

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9
Q

What are the 3 physical dimensions of colour?

A

Wavelength
Purity
Intensity

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10
Q

What are the 3 psychological dimensions of colour?

A

Hue
Saturation
Brightness

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11
Q

What is the colour spindle?

A

Describes all colours we can see
Slice = colour circle

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12
Q

What is the problem with the colour spindle?

A

Some hues saturate before others

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13
Q

How many colours can we discriminate between?

A

2 million

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14
Q

What is represented in a language with only two colour terms?

A

Light and dark

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15
Q

What is represented in a language with 3 colour terms?

A

Light, warm, and dark

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16
Q

Are warm or cool colours split first?

A

Warms (red and yellow) are split before grue is split into blue and green

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17
Q

How many basic colour terms are there?

A

11

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18
Q

What are the basic colour terms?

A

Black, white, red, green or yellow, blue, brown, orange, pink, purple, grey

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19
Q

What colour is light with a single wavelength at 570 nm?

A

Yellow

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20
Q

What colour are green (500 nm) and red (650 nm) lights?

A

Yellow

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21
Q

What are metamers?

A

Two lights with different wavelength distributions, but appearing identical in colour
must produce identical neural activation

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22
Q

What is an additive colour mixture?

A

Mix light of different wavelengths
Mixing all colours = white

23
Q

What is a subtractive colour mixture?

A

mix paint of different pigments
Mixing all colours = black

24
Q

What are complementary colours?

A

Colours on opposite sides of the colour circle which, when added, produce greyish-white

25
Q

What are primaries?

A

Three wavelengths that, when mixed in certain proportions, can match any other hue

26
Q

What do primaries define?

A

The colour triangle

27
Q

What does spectral yellow require?

A

Negative primary

28
Q

What is trichromatic theory?

A

Only three different types of receptors are needed, each sensitive to a different wavelength

29
Q

What is evidence for trichromatic theory?

A

You can match a given colour by combining the proportions of the 3 primaries together
3 different types of cones were found on the retina

30
Q

What is the eryhthrolabe cone?

A

Red-catching, long wavelengths

31
Q

What is the chlorolabe cone?

A

Green-catching, medium wavelengths

32
Q

What is the cyanolabe cone?

A

Blue-catching, short wavelengths

33
Q

What is opponent-process theory?

A

Proposes that basic colours come in opposing pairs

34
Q

What is the evidence for opponent-process theory?

A

Afterimage = visual sensation appearing after adapting to a stimulus, produces opposite colour

Simultaneous colour contrast = surrounding an area with a colour changes the appearance of the surrounded area

Habituation = infants get bored of looking at the same thing

Center-surround cells have opposing receptive field regions of bright and dark

35
Q

What is two-stage theory?

A

Opponent process obtains a difference function for the associated pair of wavelengths

36
Q

What is rod monochromacy?

A

No cones

37
Q

What is cone monochromacy?

A

One type of cone only

38
Q

What is dichromacy?

A

Two types of cones only

39
Q

What is protanopia?

A

Long wavelength cone deficient
Perceives spectrum as blue-yellow
Impaired in ability to distinguish red and green

40
Q

What is deuteranopia?

A

Medium wavelength cone deficient
Perceives spectrum as blue-yellow
Impaired ability to distinguish red and green

41
Q

What is tritanopia?

A

Short wavelength cone deficient
Perceives spectrum as turquoise-red
Impaired ability to perceive blue and yellow

42
Q

What is anomalous trichromacy?

A

Have all types of cones but one is abnormal
Poor at discriminating hues

43
Q

What is colour constancy?

A

Perception of an object’s colour remains constant, despite variations in the quality of illumination

44
Q

What is colour constancy disrupted by?

A

Chromatic adaptation
Memory colour

45
Q

What is chromatic adaptation?

A

Prolonged exposure to a particular wavelength causes cones to be less sensitive to it

46
Q

What is memory colour?

A

Characteristic colour of a familiar object may influence colour perception

47
Q

What is lightness constancy?

A

Perception of an object’s lightness remains constant, despite changes in illumination

48
Q

What is the equation for retinal luminance?

A

Illumination x reflectance

49
Q

What is the ratio principle?

A

Percentage of light reflected from an object determines perception of lightness

50
Q

What is the McCollough effect?

A

Fatigue of cortical coloured-line detecting cells after looks at vertical black and green stripes for 5 minutes
Afterimages last weeks

51
Q

What is absolute identification of colour?

A

It is difficult to identify unidimensional stimuli
Poor performance on colour recognition test

52
Q

What is relative identification of colour?

A

The task is easier if a comparison scale is provideed

53
Q

What is redundant coding of colour?

A

Coding colours with thing like patterns accommodates those with visual deficiencies

PSYCH 367 (27 decks)

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