Colonies Flashcards
Who was the leader of Jamestown
John Smith
What happened to Jamestown in 1609-1610?
Starving Time - 1/3 population died.
Who is Thomas Dale?
He developed the Dale Code, or MARTIAL LAW
- Military presence, curfews.
When did the first African Slave arrive in Jamestown?
1619
What was the House of Burgesses and when was it established?
The first elected assembly made up of 22 members (2 from each plantation)
July 30, 1619
What is a cash crop?
A cash crop is the largest produced crop in a region that produces the most money.
What was Jamestown/Va.’s Cash crop? When was tobacco first planted?
Tobacco
Known for smooth tasting tobacco.
1616
What was Plymouth?
England’s second colony
Started by Separatists (Pilgrims) seeking a new place to show the Church of England how to run a religious community.
Wanted to build a city “upon a hill”.
When did the Pilgrims board the ship to come to America? What was the name of that ship?
September 16, 1620
The Mayflower
What happened during the Jamestown Massacre? When did it happen?
350 people killed
March 22, 1622
Who founded Plymouth?
William Bradford
When did the Pilgrims arrive in Cape Cod?
November 9, 1620
When was the Mayflower Compact drafted and what was it?
November 11, 1620
Outline for a form of Government.
When did the Pilgrims find Plymouth? When was it officially selected?
Plymouth was found on December 11, 1620
Selected on December 25, 1620
What was Massachusetts’ money maker?
Farming and Fishing
When was the first Thanksgiving?
Fall of 1621
When was the Massachusetts Bay Colony established and by who(m)?
1620 be the Separatists or Pilgrims
What did John Winthrop want to do?
Build a city “Upon a Hill”
What are Blue Laws?
Only go to Church on Sundays
Everything was closed
Crime not to go to Church.
When did the Massachusetts Bay Colony become popular?
1630s-1640s
40,000 people migrated to Mass. Bay Colony
When did the Witch Trials break out?
Late 1600s
What was the first successful English settlement and when was it established?
Jamestown, Va.
1607 as a search for gold.
Who established Rhode Island? What did he say about colonists?
Roger Williams
Said Colonists stole land from Native Americans.
What did Roger Williams establish?
He established a separate church and government.
Who is Anne Hutchinson?
Helped Williams establish Rhode Island
She was exiled from Massachusetts
Killed by Native Americans near New York
Who founded Connecticut?
Thomas Hooker and John Winthrop Jr.
What was Connecticut considered?
An extension of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Who established New Hampshire? When and where was the colony established?
John Wheelwright
1638 in Exeter - Falls under Massachusetts
Because eRoyal Colony in 1679
Why did Europeans, Native Americans, and French kill animals?
Europeans - Sport
Native Americans - To survive/need
French - Wealth
Who established Maryland? And when?
George Calvert, known as Lord Baltimore I, but he dies during voyage in 1632, and Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore II takes his place.
Colony named after St. Mary
Why was Maryland established?
To be a safe-haven for Catholics.
What type of government did Maryland Have?
@ house government - Bicarmel
What was the capitol of Maryland?
Annapolis
What was Maryland’s main source of income?
Tobacco
What was crucial for Virginia?
Farming
What could single men do to become married?
Send 120 lbs. of tobacco to someone in England and they would send their daughter.
Who founded North Carolina originally?
The French Hugenots
What type of religion did people in North Carolina follow?
John Calvin - Calvinists
Predestination
What was N.C’s cash crop?
Tobacco
Who founded South Carolina?
John Locke, but he was not a share holder in S.C.
Where did slaves come from at first?
Barbados and Bermuda
What did John Locke believe in/do?
- Religious Tolerance
- Authorized an army
- Paid for people to come to S.C. to grow colony.
Who was the Triangular Trade between?
England, Africa/Islands, New World.
Who founded Georgia?
James Oglethorpe
Why was Georgia originally founded?
As a Buffer to protect the Carolinas
As a place for people in jail to go and work off their serving time
Debtors colony
Who started New York?
The Dutch
Why did England take over New York?
The Dutch were trading with the colonists.
Who did King Charles II giver the land between Connecticut and the Delaware River to?
His brother, James, the Duke of York
Who was the King of Holland at the time?
Peter Stuyvesant - Hated by the citizens of Holland.
Why were the Separatists called Pilgrims?
The name was given to them once they moved to Holland before going to the New World.
What was New Jersey originally a Part of?
NJ was an extension of NY
Who founded Pennsylvania?
William Penn
Why was Pennsylvania founded?
A Holy Experiment for the Quakers
Quakers are called that bc they claim that the spirit of God quakes in them during prayer.
What is the Society of Friends and when was it established?
1682
Beliefs:
1. Every individual has an inner light.
2. No formal ministry - meditate, read; if moved in church, get up and read.
3. Equal participation by women
4. Religious Tolerance
5. Refused to take oaths - Would not swear to God.
What was Delaware?
An extension of Pennsylvania with the same governor.
What was New Jersey known as?
The Garden State
Who founded New Jersey?
George Carteret from the Isle of Jersey
When did New Jersey split from New York
1664
How was New Jersey divided?
East and west -
West: owned by William Penn
East: Owned by New York
When did New Jersey become one united colony?
1702
What rivers make New Jersey’s boundaries?
Susquehanna River, Delaware River, Hudson River
Who settled in southwest New Jersey?
The Sweedish
What were the Middle Colonies known for?
- Farming
2. Trade - Philadelphia and New York
