Colon Cancer Flashcards
precursors to colon cancer?
adenomatous polyps
treatment of colon cancer?
surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy
what is Dukes a, b and c?
Dukes A - confined to muscularis propria
Dukes B - throough muscular propria
Dukes C - metastatic to lymph nodes
what other staging can be used in colon cancer, other than Dukes?
TNM
what is more common? left sided or right sided colon cancer?
left sided (75%)
General signs?
anaemia, cachexia, lymphadenopahy, mass hepatomegaly,distension mass, blood
what in diet makes colorectal cancer more likely?
diet rich in fat and meat, low in fibre
what are the two best predictors for colorectal cancer?
age and family history
which IBD is heavily assocaited with colorectal cancer?
UC
cancer of the small bowel, common?
very rare, although it has very high cell turnover
many of genes associated with colon cancer are found on ?
5q and 18q
name of the lymph node at the umbilicus which is a sign on metastatic spread ?
sister mary joseph nodule
thinking about anatomy, where is spread of colorectal cancer to?
liver
how does colorectal cancer spread?
through bowel wall to local lymph nodes
when would you use a barium enema?
where colonoscop cannot be performed