Appendicitis Flashcards

1
Q

most common age for appendicitis?

A

2nd and 3rd decade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pathology of appendicitis?

A

obstruction of the appendices lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what causes obstruction of the appendical lumen?

A

lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, faeces, foreign bodies or worms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

once lumen is obstructed, what happens ?

A

bacterial over growth
distension
ischaemia
inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

if left untreated, what can appendicitis lead to ?

A

necrosis, perforation, abcess, gangrene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which nerves localise pain to the centre of the abdomen?

A

splanchnic nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

when does the pain become more localised

A

when the peroneum becomes involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what kind of tenderness do you get at mcburneys point?

A

rebound tenderness (press at this point does not elicit pain, but relieve the pressure (the ‘rebound’) elicits pain (or elicits more pain than the initial pressing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where is mcburneys point?

A

2/3 of the way between imaginary line between the umbilicus and ASIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is obturator sign>

A

pain felt on passive internal rotation of the hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

s/s of appendicitis ?

A

nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is delaying diagnosis of appendicitis left threatening?

A

increases risk of perforation and peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

diagnosis of appendicitis ?

A

CT
USS
laparotomy (diagnostic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the management ?

A

appendicectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when would appendicectomy be contra indicated?

A

IBD involving the caecum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

in patients that can’t have surgery, what should you do?

A

IV steroids (reduce mortality by 50%)

17
Q

most common cause of abdominal surgery in children?

A

appendicitis

18
Q

histology of appendicitis

A
  • Histo: Acute neutrophilic inflammation, mucosal ulceration, pus in lumen, acute inflammation must involve muscle coat, thickened wall
19
Q

what must acute inflammation involve?

A

the muscle coat