Collective Behaviour & Social Change Flashcards

1
Q

What is collective behaviour? /2

A

any social interaction in which a group of people engage in behaviour that is not in their normal routine

can easily influence each other

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2
Q

What is social change?

A

how cultures and social institutions change over time

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3
Q

What is a crowd?

A

large group of people who gather for a temporary purpose

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4
Q

What is a mob?

A

group characterized by high levels of emotion that engage in some type of focused action that can be violent or disruptive

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5
Q

What is a riot?

A

emotional and violent disturbances of the peace by a crowd that lack a central focus

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6
Q

What is fashion?

A

object, style, or behaviour which become popular for a period of time

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7
Q

What is a fad?

A

temporary fashion or action the public embraces

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8
Q

What are rumours?

A

stories or statements that lack information or certainty

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9
Q

What are urban legends?

A

rumours that are presented as true stories

act as cautionary tales

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10
Q

What is a casual crowd?

A

a group of people who are in the same place at the same time, but without a specific or shared purpose

ex. shopping mall (to an extent)

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11
Q

What is a conventional crowd?

A

people who come together for a specific, scheduled event

ex. hockey game, concert

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12
Q

What is an expressive crowd?

A

people expressing emotions together

ex. wedding

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13
Q

What is an acting crowd?

A

focused on a specific goal or action

ex. BLM protest

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14
Q

What is a flash mob? /2

A

group of people who gather together in a spontaneous activity that lasts a limited amount of time before returning to their regular routines

executed more efficiently thanks to technology

ex. for proposals

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15
Q

What is the Contagion Theory? /8

A

By French sociologist Gustav LeBon

people are more suggestive when they are part of a crowd

do things as a collectivity that they would never do alone

moods, attitudes, and behaviour are communicated rapidly and are accepted by others (contagious)

emotions such as fear and hate are contagious

people experience a decline in personal responsibility

more likely to engage in anti-social behaviour

feeling anonymous and invulnerable

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16
Q

What is the Convergence Theory? /4

A

suggests that some people are more likely to join crowds

the types of behaviour they exhibit attract a certain personality type

people with similar emotional or social attributes are more likely to participate in collective behaviour

more likely to join a mob or riot

ex. the storming of the capital for Donald Trump

17
Q

What is the Emergent Norms Theory? /5

A

crowds establish new forms of behaviour

develop their own definition of a situation

a leader often emerges and others follow their lead

can start a riot and become violent

old norms no longer apply

ex. the reaction of overcrowding at the Travis Scott concert 2021

18
Q

What is William Ogburn’s view on social change? /4

A

determined by technology

invention

discovery

diffusion

19
Q

What is an invention? /3

A

creating something completely new

made with one’s own ideas and development

usually a device

ex. record player

20
Q

What is a discovery? /2

A

recognizing for the first time something that already exists

nobody has found or used before

ex. feedback in music

21
Q

What is a diffusion?

A

spread of ideas and tools to other cultures

ex. reggae music

22
Q

What is a social movement? /2

A

enduring form of collective action

an organized group that acts consciously to promote or resist change o the social system

23
Q

What is Alternative Social Movements?

A

create a limited change in certain people’s thoughts, practices, and beliefs regarding a specific issue

ex. Mothers Against Drunk Driving

24
Q

What is Redemptive Social Movements? /2

A

focus on specific individuals

seek radical change

ex. Sunday Church

25
What is Reformative Social Movements? /4
seek to change a society's thoughts and actions only in a limited way progressive : make change regressive: stop change
26
What is Revolutionary Social Movements?
a.k.a transformative social movements seek to change the thoughts and actions of all society in a radical fashion
27
What is emergence? /3
first stage of social movements people become aware of a problem begin to notice that others feel the same way
28
What is coalescence? /2
second stage of social movements resources are mobilized and the movement grows
29
What is bureaucratization? /3
third stage of social movement becomes more organized take on many of the aspects of a more conventional organization
30
What is a decline? /3
final stage of social movements a.k.a institutionalization movements become mainstream or else their disappear
31
What is perversity?
claims that the proposed solution or new idea would actually make things worse
32
What is jeopardy?
claims that attempting to solve the problem will only draw attention away from other, more important issues
33
What is the 'who is changed' and 'amount of change' of alternative?
individuals limited
34
What is the 'who is changed' and 'amount of change' of reformative?
society limited
35
What is the 'who is changed' and 'amount of change' of redemptive?
individuals radical
36
What is the 'who is changed' and 'amount of change' of revolutionary?
society radical