Cognitive Skills Flashcards
infants look at their mom more
Review: Infants’
understanding of
the world
- object: they are continious,cohisive
- space
- numbers: they can estimate two different arraways of objects with ratios-?
Where infants’
knowledge of the
world comes from ?
and many theoretical perspectives
corn knowledge?
information processing?
This week, we explore the basic skills that infants use to add to this knowledge
cognitive skills
- attetion >
- memory >
- categorization
Methods of examining
cognitive skills
Eye movements
* Habituation/dishabituation
* Preferential looking
* Eye tracking
- ERP (event-related potentials) -checking eletroc information in babys brain and other neural techniques, (FMIR,FNIRS)
Attention
Attention is a
gatekeeper for
further cognitive
processing
convert atteition
attetion without looking at it
attention
orienting > selecting > maintaining
a studis done about orienting
where an infant would look at a screen, where there was a stimuli and then a nother stimuli would appear in their peripheral
showed that 1 months would take longer to disingage from the central stimuli and orient to the peripheral stimuli then 3 or 6 months old infants would
also the stimuli mattered if the central stimuli was a face they would take longer to disingage with it
these findings were univeral
maintaining attetion
- low ses infants maintain less attetion
- younger children are more easily distracted
- younge infants look longer on the stimuli then older infants
Selective
attention
Infants attend selectively to
biologically relevant stimuli from birth
ex: pay more attation to face then a scrambled face or blank space
ex: prefer simmilar to their ethinicity vs not-their ethinicity
ex: pay more attention their languague vs other languagues/or other sounds
-maybe because it would allow them to survive the world they are in
Selective attention
- Infants also selectively attend to stimuli that violate their expectations
- …which in turn can teach us more about what infants understand
Joint attention
By around 9-12 months of age, infants attend selectively to a specific type of biologically and socially relevant stimuli
threat/food sorces attetion
better joiner attention also have bigger vocabulary
Peripheral attention
- Infants appear to be able to disengage their attention and reorient it to a new stimulus
- But it’s harder when the original
stimulus is biologically relevant
for example: when looking at a face (biologically relevent) they will not pay peripheral attetion otherwise they will
Memory
when infants attend to stimuli(and even sometimes when they do not),they may be enconded in memory
