Cognitive Development (chpt. 13)

Question 1

Memories in infancy

Answer 1

No memory from age 1-3

Recognitions
memories of mother visual facial features longer staring,
voice sound longer pacifier sucking,
scent turning towards mothers clothes.

12 weeks old remember up to 14 days, remembering locations of hidden objects shown at 8 months

Imitiation shown at 9 months (for one days) and at

Question 2

Memory in childhood

Answer 2

Working memory increases 2-12 yrs. more reliance Older children are much better at rejecting misleading pre-event (stereotype) and post-event suggestion infomration 5-6 vs. 3-4 yrs. Strategy use parallels development of recall rehearsal (6-7) organization 9 more complex schemas at after age 2

Question 3

Memory in elderly

Answer 3

loss shown mainly in unusual tasks digit span young 20 yr same as elderly 70 yr words in alphabetical order young= 3.2 words, elderly=1.7 words

sentences normal syntax and semantics

Question 4

Long term memory

Answer 4

In implicit memory and recognition young equal to elderly recall of stories young better than elderly reasons for lower recall cognitive slowing working memory capacity there maybe no overall reason

Question 5

Metacognition

Answer 5

Metamemory in childhood less MM in young children

Question 6

Language development

Answer 6

strong evidence against behaviorism children learn children, speech sound learning

Question 7

Speech sound learning

Answer 7

Infants know many speech sounds language production 2-8 months cooing mainly vowels to babbling many vowels and consonant combinations, motherese mothers and primary care fathers seek to know the best speech patterns to use. Perhaps infants leas parents in this first word at 1 yr, fast learning after 1.5yr

Question 8

Learning semantics

Answer 8

fast mapping learning word

Question 9

Morphemes

Answer 9

smallest meaningful speech units

Question 10

Pragmatics

Answer 10

Using speech for social goals