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NURS 252 > cns stimulants: chapter 14 > Flashcards

cns stimulants: chapter 14 Flashcards

1
Q

mechanism of action of amphetamines

A

increase release and block reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine in the cns

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2
Q

CNS effects of amphetamines (4)

A

elevate moods, increase mental alertness, decrease fatigue, enhance task performance

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3
Q

respiratory effects of amphetamines (3)

A

relax bronchial smooth muscle, increase respiration, dilate pulmonary arteries

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4
Q

mechanism of action of nonamphetamines

A

reduce GABA

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5
Q

effect of nonamphetamines

A

promote wakefulness

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6
Q

indications for methylphenidate (2)

A

ADHD, narcolepsy

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7
Q

indication for atomoxetine

A

ADHD

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8
Q

indication for modafinil

A

narcolepsy

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9
Q

2 contraindications for amphetamines/nonamphetamines

A

cardiac structure abnormalities, MAOI use in the past 14 days

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10
Q

5 adverse effects of amphetamines/nonamphetamines

A

speed up body systems, insomnia, blurred vision, gi distress, suicidal thoughts/behaviours

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11
Q

3 key amphetamine drugs

A

amphetamine asparte, methylphenidate, atomoxetinr

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12
Q

what is the most common drug used for adhd

A

amphetamine asparte

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13
Q

what can amphetamine asparte be used to treat

A

adhd and narcolepsy

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14
Q

what can methylphenidate be used to treat

A

adhd and narcolepsy

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15
Q

what can atomoxetine be used to treat

A

adhd in children older than 6yrs and adults

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16
Q

what is a major risk factor of using atomoxetine

A

suicial thoughts/behaviours

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17
Q

what is a key nonamphetamine drug

A

modafinil

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18
Q

what is modafinil used to treat

A

narcolepsy

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19
Q

general effect of anorexiants

A

suppress appetite

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20
Q

mechanism of action of orlistate

A

irreversibly inhibit lipase which reduces absorption of fat from the gi tract and increases fat elimination in feces

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21
Q

indications for the use of anorexiants

A

bmi greater than 30, bmi greater than 27 along with hypertension or high cholesterol or type 2 diabetes

22
Q

contraindication for anorexiants

A

chronic malabsorption syndrome

23
Q

2 adverse effects of anorexiants

A

upper respiratory tract infections, gi distress

24
Q

what vitamins are affected when a patient is taking orlistat. why

A

decreased concentrations of vitamins a, d, and e due to decreased fat absorption

25
Q

what class of drugs is first line therapy for the treatment of migraines

A

serotonin receptor agonists

26
Q

what is a key serotonin receptor agonist drug

A

sumatriptan

27
Q

what is another name for serotonin receptor agonists

A

triptans

28
Q

which class of drugs used to be the drug of choice for migranes before they were replaced by tripans

A

ergot alkaloids

29
Q

mechanism of action of triptans and how this has an effect on the body

A

stimulate 5-HT receptors which causes vasocontriction to reduce or eliminate the headache

30
Q

mechanism of action of ergot alkaloids

A

constrict blood vessels in the brain and carotid arteries

31
Q

contraindication for antimigraine drugs. why

A

serious cardiovascular disease due to vasocontriction

32
Q

why may the PO route of sumatriptan not be tolerable

A

nausea and vomiting

33
Q

4 adverse effects of sumatriptan

A

tingling, flushing, congestion, irritation at site if injection is used

34
Q

general mechansims of action of analeptics

A

stimulate areas of the cns that control respirations, inhibit phosphodiesterase

35
Q

how does the inhibition of phosphodiesterase have an effect on the body

A

relax respiratory tract smooth muscle, dilate pulmonary aterioles, stimulate the cns

36
Q

mechanism of action of caffeine

A

block adenosine receptors

37
Q

indication of analeptics

A

stimulate respirations

38
Q

2 contraindications for analeptics

A

peptic ulcer disease, serious cardiovascular conditions

39
Q

3 vagal adverse effects of analeptics

A

gastric secretions, diarrhea, reflex tachycardia

40
Q

2 vasomotor adverse effects of analeptics

A

flushing, sweating

41
Q

respiratory adverse effect of analeptics

A

increased respiratory rate

42
Q

2 skeletal muscle adverse effects of analeptics

A

tension, tremors

43
Q

neurological adverse effect of analeptics

A

reduced deep tendon reflexes

44
Q

what is a key analeptic drug

A

caffiene

45
Q

3 contraindications for caffeine

A

recent MI or cardiac dysrhythmias, peptic ulcers

46
Q

when should the last daily dose of cns stimulants be taken before bedtime. why

A

4-6hrs before to decrease insomnia

47
Q

when should anorexiants ideally be taken

A

first thing in the morning

48
Q

what must be assessed weekly or as ordered while on anorexiants

A

weight

49
Q

what should be avoided while taking anorexiants

A

caffeine

50
Q

what may need to be supplemented while on anorexiants

A

fat soluble vitamins

51
Q

what 5 things must be immediately reported

A

irregular heartbeat, chest pain, change in vision, confusion, slurred speech

52
Q

when should adhd meds be taken in terms of meals

A

on an empty stomach, 30-45min before meals

NURS 252 (18 decks)

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