cholinergic-blocking: chapter 22 Flashcards
mechanism of action of cholinergic blocking drugs
block the effects of ach at the receptor
effect of cholinergic-blocking drugs on the cv system in low doses
slow hr
effect of cholinergic-blocking drugs on the resp system
bronchial dilation
effect of cholinergic-blocking drugs on the gi system
decreased gi motility, gi secretions, and salivation
effect of cholinergic-blocking drugs on the eye
increased intraocular pressure and cause pupil dilation
effect of cholinergic-blocking drugs on the cv system in high doses
block the inhibitory vagal effects on the pacemaker cells of the sa and av nodes which increases hr
indication for the use of atropine
management of cardiovascular disorders
indications for anticholinergics in terms of the resp system
exercise induced bronchospasm, asthma, copd
3 contraindications for anticholinergics
angle closure glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, gi or gu obstruction
how is anticholinergic toxicity treated
the stomach should be emptied, activated charcoal to remove the drug from the gi tract that has not been absorbed yet
4 severe effects of anticholinergic toxicity
delirium, hallucinations, coma, cardiac dysrhythmia
what drug can be used in the case of severe anticholinergic toxicity
physostigmine
how can anticholinergics interact with amantadine and antihistamines
additive anticholinergic effects
how can anticholinergics interact with phenothiazines
reduce antipsychotic effects
how can anticholinergics react with digoxin
increased effects of digoxin
what are 5 anticholinergic drugs
atropine, glycopyrrolate, oxybutynin, scopolamine, tolterodine
where on the body does atropine have an effect
heart, smooth muscle of the bronchi and intestines
indication for glycopyrrolate
control the production of secretions and concentration of free acids in the stomach
indication for oxybutynin
treat an overactive bladder
indication for scopolamine
prevent motion sickness
indication for tolterodine
treat urinary frequency, urgency, and urge incontinence
what must be done after administering an anticholinergic via the ophthalamic route
apply light pressure with a tissue to the inner canthus for 30-60 sec
what are 3 ways to manage dry mouth caused by anticholinergics
oral care, increase in fluids, sugar free gum or hard candy
when should oxybutynin be taken in consideration of meals
1hr before or 2hrs after meals
what should be done due to increased sensitivity to light
wear dark or tinted sunglasses