anti-inflammatory: chapter 49

Question 1

mechanism of action of nsaids

Answer 1

inhibit platelet aggregation

Question 2

effect of nsaids on the body

Answer 2

relieve pain, headache, and inflammation

Question 3

5 contraindications for nsaids

Answer 3

those at risk for bleeding, severe liver or kidney disease, avoid after 32 weeks pregnancy, nursing mothers, stop taking 1 week before surgery

Question 4

4 adverse effects of nsaids

Answer 4

gi bleeding, acute kidney injury, increased risk of thrombotic events, compromised kidney function

Question 5

what is the word to describe an overdose of nsaids

Answer 5

saalicylism

Question 6

what are the 2 most common signs of chronic salicylate intoxication in adults

Answer 6

tinnitus and hearing loss

Question 7

what are the 2 most common signs of chronic salicylate intoxication in children

Answer 7

hyperventilation and cns effects

Question 8

what are 2 general signs of chronic salicylate intoxication in any population

Answer 8

increased hr and hypoglycemia

Question 9

how does acute salicylate intoxication differ from chronic? how is it the same

Answer 9

similar symptoms but with a more severe and quicker onset

Question 10

what 2 things are used in salicylate overdose

Answer 10

activated charcoal and supportive measures

Question 11

what are the 4 classes of nsaids

Answer 11

salicylates, acetic acid derivatives, cyclooxygenase 2-inhibitors, proponic acid derivatives

Question 12

what is a key salicylate drug

Answer 12

aspirin

Question 13

why can you not give children with flu-like symptoms aspirin

Answer 13

due to the risk of reye’s syndrome which is neuro deficits leading to a coma

Question 14

what are 2 key acetic acid derivaties

Answer 14

indomethacin, ketorolac

Question 15

primary indication for indomethacin

Answer 15

arthritis, acute bursitis, tendonitis

Question 16

primary indication for ketorolac

Answer 16

short term use to manage acute pain

Question 17

what age group cannot use ketorlac

Answer 17

children under 16yrs

Question 18

how long can ketorlac be used for. why

Answer 18

up to 7 days because after that there is potential for kidney and gi tract adverse effects

Question 19

what is a key cyclooxygenase 2-inhibitor

Answer 19

celecoxib

Question 20

what are 2 key proponic acid drugs

Answer 20

ibuprofen, naproxen

Question 21

what causes gout

Answer 21

an overproduction of uric acid or decreased excretion of uric acid. this leads to hyperuricemia which is too much uric acid in the blood. this causes an inflammatory response and pain due to the formation of uric acid crystals

Question 22

what drugs are used as first line therapy to treat gout

Answer 22

nsaids

Question 23

what are 3 antigout drugs

Answer 23

allopurinol, colchicine, probenecid

Question 24

mechanism of action of allopurinol. how does this have an effect on the body

Answer 24

inhibit xantine oxidase which prevents uric acid production

Question 25

4 adverse effects of allopurinol

Answer 25

agranulocytosis, anemia, stevens-johnson syndrome, epidermal necrolysis

Question 26

which antigout drug is used as second line therapy after nsaids

Answer 26

colchicine

Question 27

effect of colchicine on the body

Answer 27

reduce inflammatory response

Question 28

2 adverse effects of colchicine

Answer 28

short term leukopenia, can cause bleeding into gi or urinary tracts

Question 29

mechanism of action of probenecid and how does this have an effect on the body

Answer 29

inhibit reabsorption of uric acid in the kidney leading to increased excretion of uric acid

Question 30

which antigout drug poses no risk if used during pregnancy

Answer 30

probenecid

Question 31

what is the indication for glucosamine and chondroitin

Answer 31

osteoarthritis

Question 32

what is the main adverse effect of glucosamine and chondroitin

Answer 32

gi discomfort

Question 33

what drug does glucosamine and chondroitin interact with

Answer 33

wafarin

Question 34

does glucosamine or chondroitin increase insulin resistance

Answer 34

glucosamine

Question 35

are glucosamine and chondroitin safe to use during pregnancy

Answer 35

no

Question 36

what can be taken with antigout drugs to aid in drug administration (3)

Answer 36

food, milk, antacids

Question 37

what 5 things must be immediately reported while taking anti-inflammatories or antigout drugs

Answer 37

gi upset, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, blood in the stool

Question 38

what type of foods must be limited while on allopurinol

Answer 38

foods high in purine

Question 39

what are 5 examples of foods high in purine

Answer 39

seafood, red meat, yeast, beans/peas, oatmeal, spinach, asparagus, mushrooms