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Midterm 2 - Physiology > CNS 2 > Flashcards

CNS 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Nothing can enter the brain without crossing the BBB
only soluble things will cross the BBB (so it is semi permeable )
true or False

A

True

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2
Q

If the BBB have to transport something it has to be soluble otherwise how else can it transport materials?

A

it will have to use carriers

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3
Q

the gyrus form a furrow deep into the tissues called

A

sulcus/sulci

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4
Q

_________________ is a prominent fold or ridge of the cerebral cortex,

A

gyrus/gyri

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5
Q

What is the function of the sulcus?

A

to increase the surface area of the cerebral cortex

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6
Q

‘____________matter is composed mainly of cell bodies of neurons

A

Gray matter

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7
Q

white matter is composed mainly of

A

myelinated axons,

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8
Q

why is white matter called white matter?

A

cos it appears pale in colour

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9
Q

which area plays a preparatory role in programming complex sequences of movement

A

supplementary motor area

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10
Q

which area is important in orienting the body and arms towards a specific target

A

promoter Cortex

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11
Q

Left handed people have right or left cerebral hemisphere

A

right cerebral hemisphere

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12
Q

which hemisphere are people referred to as creators

A

Right handed

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13
Q

which hemisphere are people referred to as thinkers

A

Left-handed

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14
Q

which hemisphere are more artistic , musical people

A

right-handed

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15
Q

which hemisphere are people who are good in language and math?

A

Left-handed

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16
Q

which hemisphere are people who are analytical and see the world as fragmented

A

left-handed

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17
Q

which hemisphere people have non-language skills,
emotional and behavioral and dream imagery
right

A

Right-handed

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18
Q

95% of people are left or right hemisphere?

A

left so right-handed

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19
Q

which lobe is Located on the sides of the brain/head and where you have sound input

A

temporal lobe

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20
Q

The parietal lobe is Located behind or in front of the frontal lobe

A

behind

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21
Q

what lobe is located at the front of the brain

A

frontal lobe

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22
Q

your voluntary motor activator is in what lobe

A

frontal lobe

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23
Q

what lobe is your prime region

A

frontal lobe

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24
Q

what lobes are the higher motor cortex

A

frontal and parietal lobes

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25
Q

the central sulcus separates what lobes

A

frontal and parietal lobes

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26
Q

The primary motor cortex is a region of the cerebral cortex located in the ___________ lobe

A

frontal lobe

27
Q

where we see the primary motor cortex being drawn

A

Homunculus

28
Q

________________primarily controls muscles on the opposite side of the body

A

primary motor cortex

29
Q

_____________depicts the location and amount of motor cortex area devoted to different body parts,

A

motors homunculus

30
Q

_____________confers voluntary control over movement produced by skeletal muscles

A

primary motor cortex

31
Q

Examples of exaggerated parts of the motor homunculus

A

fingers/thumb muscles involved in speech the lips, tongues and jaw

32
Q

The somatosensory cortex is a region of the brain located in the ____ lobe

A

parietal lobe

33
Q

____ is responsible for processing sensory information from the body, including touch, temperature, pain, and proprioception

A

somatosensory cortex

34
Q

________________ is described as the “sense of self-awareness of body position.”

A

Proprioception

35
Q

____________ plays a vital role in everyday activities, such as walking, reaching for objects, and maintaining posture.

A

Proprioception

36
Q

___________________ can contribute to difficulties in motor control and coordination.

A

Dysfunction in proprioception

37
Q

exaggerated parts of the somatosensory cortex

A

lips
face
tongue
genitalia
hands

38
Q

what are the two primary areas for cortical specialization for language?

A
  1. Broca’s area
  2. Wernicke’s area
39
Q

which area governs speaking ability

A

Broca’s area

40
Q

which area is concerned with language comprehension

A

Wernicke’s area

41
Q

which is the input and output zone
Broca’s and Wernicke’s area

A

input = wernickes
output = brocas

42
Q

the loss of one of the language areas can result in

A

Aphasias

43
Q

can aphasia happen during a stroke?

A

Yes

44
Q

Lack of Wernicke’s area (comprehension of words) causes what type of aphasia?

A

receptive aphasia

45
Q

when you can understand what is said but you can’t properly respond in the right sentence is what type of aphasia?

A

expressive aphasia

46
Q

what area of the brain coordinates complex movement

A

premotor area

47
Q

In what area of the brain does integration of somatosensory and visual input occur
also, imp for complex movement

A

posterior parietal cortex

48
Q

is the supplementary motor cortex visible or not visible?

A

not visible

49
Q

what area of the brain does programming of complex movements

A

supplementary motor cortex

50
Q

what area of the brain has your personality traits

A

prefrontal associated cortex

51
Q

In what area of the brain does decision-making creativity happen

A

prefrontal association cortex

52
Q

this lies at the interphase of three other lobes and gives a complete picture of the relationship of your body with the external environment

A

parietal-temporal-occipital associated cortex

53
Q

what area of the brain is involved in motivation learning and memory

A

limbic associated cortex

54
Q

collection of cell bodies that form little nuclei within the cerebrum

A

basal nuclei/basal ganglia

55
Q

functions of the basal nuclei

A
  1. inhibiting muscle tone throughout the body
  2. encourages movement
  3. inhibits unwanted movement
  4. they regulate muscle tone
  5. help monitor contractions especially those related to postures and support
56
Q

Loss of basal nuclei can lead to

A

Parkinson’s disease
Huntington’s disease
Tourette’s

57
Q

Parkinson’s disease is due to the loss of dopamine in the___________

A

basal nuclei

58
Q

shuffling gait (dragging their feet or having difficulty lifting their feet off the ground during walking)
reptilian stare (staring without blinking) is associated with what kind of disease?

A

Parkinson’s disease

59
Q

Chorea is a symptom associated with what type of disease?

A

Huntington’s disease

60
Q

is Huntington’s disease a genetic disorder?
Yes or No

A

Yes

61
Q

Tourette’s syndrome is when children produce motor Tics: (These involve involuntary movements or gestures. Examples include blinking, head jerking, shoulder shrugging, or facial grimacing) and causes what kind of dysfunction?

A

cognitive neuron dysfunction

62
Q

what houses the thalamus and hypothalamus

A

Diencephalon

63
Q

Thalamus or hypothalamus, which is close to the corpus callosum?

A

Thalamus

Midterm 2 - Physiology (10 decks)

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