Cnidarian II Flashcards
class anthozoa
- no medusa
- flower animals
- seissle polyps
- asexual
- help makes coral reefs
- retractable muscles in for protection
- tentacles with cnidocytes that gives off protection
what are the three subclasses of anthozoa
- zonantheria: sea anemones, hard coal
- ceriantipatheria: black coral, tube anemones
- octocorallia: soft coral, sea fans
what type of skeletons does anthozoans have?
hydromuscular, maintain their shape through pressurized water
what kind of symmetry do the subclasses have?
zonatheria and ceriantipatharia have hexamerian while octocorallia have octomere symmetry
how do anthozoans eat?
grab their prey and pull them into their pharynx. have aconite threads covered nematocysts in the gastrovascular cavity
what do they use their retractor muscles for?
connected to the tentacles to pull so they can get prey and hide predators
what kind of digestive system do anthozoans have?
incomplete, mouth and anus the same hole
what do septal filaments do?
maximize surface area
what do siphonoglyph do?
- movement of cilia allows water to move in and out of the gastrovascular cavity
- gametes
- food
- waste
- respiration
Cnidaria:Anthozoa: Zoantharia
- hard corals
- sea anemones
- colonies
- grow until they are a specific distance from another organism
- lives on a calcium carbonate skeleton it secrets
cnidaria: anthozoa: ceriantipatharia
- black corals
- parchment tube anemones
- can draw within them for protection
Cnidaria: anothoza: octocorallia
- soft corals
- sea pen & sponge
- endoskeleton (spicules in mesoglea and gorgonin)
- calcium based spicules
- colony of organisms that connect through each other though the endoskeleton
- solenia, share and communicate through the whole colony
- pinnules: branches off the tentacles to maximize surface are
how do cnidarians move?
through a muscular leap but it usually does not move
list of efficient swimmers
- cubozoans
- hydrozoans
- syfastozans
- staurozoan & anthozoan
how to cnidarians eat?
extracellular vs intracellular digestion.
once it gets into the gastrovascular cavity, stings with aconthia, secretes digestive enzymes for extracellular digestion, cells that are broken down absorbed through septal filaments for intracellular digestion
what causes feeding behavior in hydra?
glutathione activates eating behavior within the hydra
how do hydra reproduce?
budding
Describe the layers of cnidarian’s body
epidermis: outside skin
mesoglea: middle nonliving skin
gastrodermis: stomach layer
what type of cells do cnidarians have?
interstital cells: stem cells scattered can regenerate cells that are not interstital
epitheliomuscualr : primarily line the endoderm; can asexually divide, can contract to move, myofibrils that aid in contract
gland cells: secerete
how are sensory cells activated?
chemically or mechanically
what do cnidarians have regarding neurology?
multipolar axons, synapses on both ends, no myelin sheath
what is a nerve net?
a single touch reviberates through the entire system
how does a cnidocyte work?
a cnidocyte comes from cnidoblas. a cnidoycte had a cnidocil which is triggered and opens the operculum
What are the three types of cnidae?
penetrants: penetrates living tissue
volvents: entangle their prey
gluten’s: glue to their prey
