Cnidarian II

Question 1

class anthozoa

Answer 1

• no medusa
• flower animals
• seissle polyps
• asexual
• help makes coral reefs
• retractable muscles in for protection
• tentacles with cnidocytes that gives off protection

Question 2

what are the three subclasses of anthozoa

Answer 2

• zonantheria: sea anemones, hard coal
• ceriantipatheria: black coral, tube anemones
• octocorallia: soft coral, sea fans

Question 3

what type of skeletons does anthozoans have?

Answer 3

hydromuscular, maintain their shape through pressurized water

Question 4

what kind of symmetry do the subclasses have?

Answer 4

zonatheria and ceriantipatharia have hexamerian while octocorallia have octomere symmetry

Question 5

how do anthozoans eat?

Answer 5

grab their prey and pull them into their pharynx. have aconite threads covered nematocysts in the gastrovascular cavity

Question 6

what do they use their retractor muscles for?

Answer 6

connected to the tentacles to pull so they can get prey and hide predators

Question 7

what kind of digestive system do anthozoans have?

Answer 7

incomplete, mouth and anus the same hole

Question 8

what do septal filaments do?

Answer 8

maximize surface area

Question 9

what do siphonoglyph do?

Answer 9

• movement of cilia allows water to move in and out of the gastrovascular cavity
  
  • gametes
  • food
  • waste
  • respiration

Question 10

Cnidaria:Anthozoa: Zoantharia

Answer 10

• hard corals
• sea anemones
• colonies
• grow until they are a specific distance from another organism
• lives on a calcium carbonate skeleton it secrets

Question 11

cnidaria: anthozoa: ceriantipatharia

Answer 11

• black corals
• parchment tube anemones
  
  • can draw within them for protection

Question 12

Cnidaria: anothoza: octocorallia

Answer 12

• soft corals
• sea pen & sponge
• endoskeleton (spicules in mesoglea and gorgonin)
  
  • calcium based spicules
• colony of organisms that connect through each other though the endoskeleton
  
  • solenia, share and communicate through the whole colony
• pinnules: branches off the tentacles to maximize surface are

Question 13

how do cnidarians move?

Answer 13

through a muscular leap but it usually does not move

Question 14

list of efficient swimmers

Answer 14

• cubozoans
• hydrozoans
• syfastozans
• staurozoan & anthozoan

Question 15

how to cnidarians eat?

Answer 15

extracellular vs intracellular digestion.
once it gets into the gastrovascular cavity, stings with aconthia, secretes digestive enzymes for extracellular digestion, cells that are broken down absorbed through septal filaments for intracellular digestion

Question 16

what causes feeding behavior in hydra?

Answer 16

glutathione activates eating behavior within the hydra

Question 17

how do hydra reproduce?

Answer 17

budding

Question 18

Describe the layers of cnidarian’s body

Answer 18

epidermis: outside skin
mesoglea: middle nonliving skin
gastrodermis: stomach layer

Question 19

what type of cells do cnidarians have?

Answer 19

interstital cells: stem cells scattered can regenerate cells that are not interstital
epitheliomuscualr : primarily line the endoderm; can asexually divide, can contract to move, myofibrils that aid in contract
gland cells: secerete

Question 20

how are sensory cells activated?

Answer 20

chemically or mechanically

Question 21

what do cnidarians have regarding neurology?

Answer 21

multipolar axons, synapses on both ends, no myelin sheath

Question 22

what is a nerve net?

Answer 22

a single touch reviberates through the entire system

Question 23

how does a cnidocyte work?

Answer 23

a cnidocyte comes from cnidoblas. a cnidoycte had a cnidocil which is triggered and opens the operculum

Question 24

What are the three types of cnidae?

Answer 24

penetrants: penetrates living tissue
volvents: entangle their prey
gluten’s: glue to their prey

Question 25

what is coral bleaching?

Answer 25

happens when coral gets too much sunlight

Question 26

Phylum Cnteophora: Comb Jellies

Answer 26

• can eat a jellyfish and take their cnidocysts and put on their own skin
• largest biolumscenet creatures
• largest that moves solely by cilia