Cephalopods

Question 1

What are cephalopods?

Answer 1

• invertebrates
• intelligent
• include encephalopda: head foot
• true head foot are octopus and swuids

Question 2

Describe a cephalopod’s shell

Answer 2

• no tortion in a the digestive system
• u-shaped
• swims away = no funnling

Question 3

What are the 4 main forms of shells?

Answer 3

ctopus (has no shell), squid (chitniess protein pen) amnenites with a large bulky calcium shell, nautiloids calcium shell but its not as bulky)

Question 4

Do cephalopods live in the entirety of their shell?

Answer 4

no, only in just a portion. the rest of their shell is filled in their gas chambers for buoyancy

Question 5

What are all cephalopods?

Answer 5

venomous due to the tetrodoxin in their slavary glands

Question 6

what are pens made up of

Answer 6

chitin

Question 7

what are the differences between tentacles and arms

Answer 7

tentacles have suckers at the tip while arms have suckers all over

Question 8

how many arms does a squid and octopus have

Answer 8

8 arms, 2 tentacles
only 8 arms

Question 9

Describe the Cephalopod nervous system

Answer 9

• centralized brain
• around the esophagus
• complexed, advanced in any invertebrate
• 25 lobes
• sensory for the arms, visual & chemical info, motor, or nervous
• each arm has a ganglia of neurons
• each arm can learn and operate independently

Question 10

cephalopods eyes are similar to?

Answer 10

humans, they can see very well under water

Question 11

corona

Answer 11

protective layer of the eye

Question 12

iris

Answer 12

• muscle, when it contracts it causes the pupil to shrink. when it relax, the pupil grows
  
  • dilate during night or in danger
  • shrink when there is too much light

Question 13

lens

Answer 13

focus light back on the retina

Question 14

retina

Answer 14

absorbs light and transmits light to the optic nerve

Question 15

how do cephalopods camouflage themselves

Answer 15

• have a lobe devoted to regulating chromatophores
• chromatophores that can change the concentration of the pigment which changes the color of the octopus
  
  • can also make them look intermediating to scare prey
• muscles can also modify the texture
  
  • does this for a better fit of its surroundings
• can communicate with themselves by color

Question 16

how do cephalopods sescape predators

Answer 16

• venmous
• some mimic a jellyfish swim motion
• some just run away

Question 17

how do cephalopods catch prey?

Answer 17

• eat primarily fish, crusteans and worms
• strobe light that hypnotizes its prey
  
  • on and off of chromatophores in succession

Question 18

how do cephalopods reproduce?

Answer 18

• spermatophore gland
• cuttlefish having mating dances
• octpus and spquid have elborate courtship rituals
• predators of each other
• hectocotylus on one arm that can grab its spermatophore
• can directly place it in the female or can cut off its arm throw it at the female
• only reproduce once in its life due to it not living long
• usually, the larger squid male squid gets more females
• smaller male squids often pretend to be females to gain access to large male squids’ females
• two morphologies of big and small squids

Question 19

where does the female lay its eggs

Answer 19

• in a burrow or coral or rocks
• must have water
  
  • no water would have build up of CO2 or else they die
• self-sacrificial

Question 20

What are three ways that cephalopods show sentient?

Answer 20

tool use, problem soling , show delayed gratification

Question 21

explain tool use

Answer 21

• used for a particular purpose, and object outside of itself
• clear benefit to using its
• cost to maintaining that tool over time

Question 22

explain problem solving

Answer 22

• something they have never seen and they solve it
• adaptive learning

Question 23

show delayed gratification

Answer 23

• refused moderate food and waited for the more favorable food
• anticipating a future where it can feed better