Clinical Psychology: Object Relations Theory Flashcards
Object Relations theorists consider object-seeking, or _________, to be a basic inborn drive.
Relationships with others.
__________ are a child’s internalized object representations and an emphasized area of Object Relations theory.
Introjects.
The following are known Object Relations theorists:
- M__________ Klein
- Ronald F__________
- M_________ Mahler
- Otto K___________
- Melanie
- Fairbairn
- Margaret
- Kernberg
Mahler focuses on the processes by which an ___________ assumes his own physical and psychological ________, and her model of early development involves several phases and subphases.
- Infant
- Identity
Mahler’s initial phase, which occurs during the first months of life, is known as the _____________ phase, during which the infant is self-absorbed and essentially oblivious to the external environment.
Infantile Autism.
Mahler’s second phase is the ______________ phase, in which the child becomes aware of the mother but can’t distinguish between “me” and “not-me.”
Normal Symbiotic.
Development of object relations occurs during Mahler’s _______________ phase.
Separation-individuation.
The Separation-Individuation phase begins at ___________ months of age, and is composed of four overlapping subphases. These are differentiation, __________, reapproachment, and ________ constancy.
- 4-5 months
- Practicing
- Object constancy
Separation-individuation is followed by a period of conflict between ______________ and __________, manifested by _______________.
- Independence
- Dependence
- Separation Anxiety
By about ____ years of age the child has developed a permanent sense of self and object.
3.
Maladaptive behavior is the result of ___________ in early object relations.
Abnormalities.
Mahler traces adult psychopathology to problems occurring in ______________.
Separation-individuation.
Some Object Relations theorists also believe that inadequate resolution of the splitting of objects into “____” and “______” is one cause of ______________.
- Good
- Bad
- Maladaptive behavior
Object Relations therapists provide patients with ________, ________, and other conditions that restore the client’s ability to ___________ to others in meaningful, realistic ways.
- Support
- Acceptance
- Relate
A primary goal of Object Relations therapy is to bring maladaptive ___________ relationship dynamics into __________.
- Unconscious
- Consciousness
Object Relations therapy focuses on ____________ that maintain _______________, such as splitting and projective identification.
- Defense mechanisms
- Pathological object relations
