Clinical psych

Question 1

Depression vs. anxiety (Beck)

Answer 1

Depression has cognitions of hopelessness, low self-esteem, failure; anxiety - anticipation of danger/harm

Depression - negative themes; anxiety - uncertainty of future events

Both display demoralization, self-absorption, reduced cog. capacity for problem solving & task performance

Question 2

RET vs. CT

Answer 2

RET holds that irrational thoughts lead to maladaptive bx, CT - thoughts are dysfx when the interfere w/ normal cognitive processing

RET more bx focus, RET therapist more likely to challenge pt’s dysfx beliefs

In CT, pt encouraged to test out beliefs on his/her own

Question 3

Stimulus control - narrowing

Answer 3

Restricting target behavior to a limited set of stimuli (e.g., overweight person - only eat when at kitchen table, at mealtimes)

Question 4

Stimulus control - cue strengthening

Answer 4

Linking a bx that’s targeted for increase to a specific cue or cue set (e.g., student who rarely studies encouraged to study in specific location, being in that location will trigger studying bx)

Question 5

Stimulus control - competing responses

Answer 5

Identifying & eliminating responses that block desirable bxs, or encouraging responses that block undesirable bx (e.g., poor studier asked to ID interference to studying & this is target for elimination)

Question 6

Stress inoculation training

Answer 6

• Cognitive preparation (educated on how faulty cognitions prevent appropriate/adaptive coping)
• Skills acquisition (learning & rehearsing new skills, such as relaxation)
• Practice (application of learned skills to real/imagined situations)

Question 7

What is stress inoculation training useful for?

Answer 7

Remediating aggressive behavior, impulsive anger

Question 8

Paradoxical intention

Answer 8

Instruct patients to do or wish for the very things they fear; used to circumvent anticipatory anxiety