Classifying Bacteria and Reproduction

Question 1

All bacteria:

Answer 1

unicellular, prokaryotic, single looped chromosome called plasmid, like mosist eviomrnet
Some produce asexually through binary fission and some produce sexually through conjugation

Question 2

ways to classify bacteria

Answer 2

• disease cauing
  -gram postive or negtive
  -shape
  -configuration
  -oxygen requirments
  -nutrtions

Question 3

disease causings

Answer 3

pathogenic (dangerous) or non pathogenic

Question 4

gram postive vs gram negative

Answer 4

gram postive:
- stains purple
- cell wall had petidogylcan (protein)
ex: styhaloccous
gram negative:
-stains pink
-cell wall does not have petidoglcan
ex: e.coli

Question 5

shape

Answer 5

round (coccus)
rod shaped (bacili)
spiral (spirilla)

Question 6

configuration

Answer 6

bacteria stay in colonies after divison
colonies are growth of mircoorganism containing many cells

clumps= staphllyo
chains=strepto
pairs=diplo

Question 7

oxygen requirments

Answer 7

areobes:
- needs lots of oxyeb
-TB
anacrobec:
- do not need or die because of oxygen
- botulism

Question 8

nutrients

Answer 8

• can be autotroph, herterotroph, photosythnic and chemosystehnic

chemosystheic= make food form certian chemicals
photosytehic: use light/sun as energy sourse
herterotroph: feeed off plants and aniamls
autotoph: make their own food

Question 9

ways bacteria can repoduce

Answer 9

assexually and sexually

Question 10

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 10

Binary Fission:
- one partner involved
- offspring are identical to eachother and parent

pros:
- one parent
-offsrping is fully formed (no growth)
- very fast

disadvantges:
- DNA is identical to parent
if virus/enviormnet attacks 1 bacteria, it can kill whole colony

Question 11

Binary Fission

Answer 11

1 bacteria needed
bacteria chromosome attaches to plasma
replication starts of chromosomes and both go in two directions
the new and old chromosome are attche din the sam earea
new cells wall and membrane form, pinche sthe cell into two daughter cells
These create new new cells

Question 12

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 12

two parents involved
offspring are genetically different to parents/echaother

pros:
- genetically different (able to adapt to unfavourable conditions- antibiotics)

cons:
- more complex: takes longer to find partner
- no increase in population (new indivuduals)

Question 13

Bacterial Conjugation

Answer 13

bacteria can share plasmids
plasmids copies itself
plasmid goes through pili, which bridges the two cells
cells seperate with both containing plasmids

Question 14

Factors that affect bacterial growth

Answer 14

-temperature
-nurtirents
-oxygen availiby
-salt concentration (holophines/archea)
-pH (like neutral ph or some like acidic)