Classification Flashcards
Define biodiversity
Measure of vareity of living organism and their genetic difference
Define evolution
The process by which natural selection acts on variation to bring about adaptions and eventually speciation
What is Morphology
The study of form and structure of organism
Define Analogous feature and give examples
Features that look similar or have similar function but arent from the same biological orgin
EX. The wingsupper in different animals has similar function but different structure
Deinge homologous structure and give example
Structure that genuinely show common ancestry
EX. Pendactyl limbs appear in different animals and is simlar in structure & location but doesnt show the same function
List the taxomic groups from largest to smallest
Domain,Kingdom, phylum,class, order,family,genus and specie
Mnemonic
Dumb king play chess on fancy good squares
How many domains are there and what are they
Archea
Eubacteria
Eukaryota
Archaea contains how many kingdom
1 kingdom
Auchaebacteria
Bacteria contains how many kingdom
1 kingdom
Eubacteria
Eukaryota contain how many kingdoms
4 kingdoms
Protista
Fungi
Animalia
Plantae
What are plantae
Multicellular Autotrophs
Make their own food by capturing light (photosynthesis) by chrophyll
EX. Mosses,ferns, angiosperm
What are fungi
Heterotrophs
Most are saprophytic ( live off dead organism using extracellur digestion) chitin cell wall
Reproduce by spores
Some are parasitic
What are animalia
Heterotrophs(eat others for food)
Capable of whole body movement
No cell wall
Reproduce sexual but sometimes asexually
EX invertebrates (insects and mollusc) and vertebrates (fish amphibians,reptiles and birds)
What are protista
Have features of other kingdoms
Diverse group of microscopic organism
Mainly reproduce asexually
Reason for classification
Identify species
Predict characteristicsx
Find evlutionary links
Why do specie look similar
- live in similar environment
- have similar selection pressure
- similar allele will have the selective advantage
- produce similarbsame proteins & therefore have similar characteristics
Classification system
Understand relationship between organism & keep track of changes
- system used needs to be universal
- system is based on putting organism into groups
Ways to classifly
Dna sequence
mRNA sequence
Amino acid sequence
Immological -comapre sinialry in self antibody shape
Binomial system must contains
Every organism is given two latin names
- genus
- specie
Binomial system rules
- the genus name has an upper case first letter
- specie name has a lower case first letter
- italic should always be used unless handwritten when they should be underlined
- after the first use the binomial names are abbreviated to the initial of the genus and the species names
Define specie
A group of organism with similar characteristics that interbreed to produce fertile offspring
Define sexual dimorphism
Describe specie where there is a great deal of difference between the appearance of the male and female
Limitation of specie
Sometime population are geophically separated and cannot interbreed but they are the same species
Sometimes separate species can mate to produce fertile offspring
Plants often interbreed with different species to produce fertile hybrids
Many organism dont reproduce sexually
Fossil organism dont reproduce
Define molecular phylogeny
The analysis of the genetic material of organism to establish their evoluntionary relationships
What are the three different ways molecular phylogeny ways
Ecological specie model
Mate recognition specie model
Genetic specie model
What is ecological specie model
And advantages
Based on the ecological niche occupied by an organism
Easy to see and measure differences