Class 6 Flashcards
What are VERRUCAE (WARTS)?
➤ common
➤ benign papillomae caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
➤ transmission: direct contract or autoinnoculation
➤ presents: irregular thickening of stratum spinosum
& corneum - looks rough/scaly, about 1-2cm
➤ most common to hands & feet
➤ may resolve spontaneously but can take years
How to deal with VERRUCAE (WARTS)?
Removed by keratolytic agents, freezing, laser, electrosurgery, antiviral therapy
What is HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS (HSV)?
➤ infects skin & mucous membranes
➤ 2 types
➤ contagious
➤ most common to mouth & genitals
How to deal with HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS (HSV)?
• no cure, treatment is palliative - antivirals, OTC topical ointments
• 4 inch rule
What is HERPES ZOSTER (ZONA, SHINGLES)?
➤ acute CNS infection caused by reoccurrence of varicella-zoster (chicken pox) virus
➤ dormant in DRG
➤ activated by stress or low immune function
➤ dermatomal pattern
➤ incidence increases with age, corticosteroid use, HIV infection, chemo, radiation
How to deal with HERPES ZOSTER (ZONA, SHINGLES)?
• antiviral agent
• 4 inch rule
What is IRRITANT CONTACT DERMATITIS
➤ caused by chemicals or environmental substances
➤ direct contact or rubbing to skin
➤ Is acute or chronic
➤ range of reactions
What is ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS?
➤ cell mediated Type IV hypersensitivity due to sensitization to allergen
➤ >200 allergens
➤ range of lesions
➤ secondary lesion from bacterial infection may occur
What is ATOPIC ECZEMA?
➤ Type I hypersensitivity reaction
➤ commonly seen in those with family history of asthma, hay fever, atopic dermatitis
➤ vesicle formation with oozing, crusting & flaking
➤ in children - cheeks to scalp, arms, trunk & legs
➤ in adults - antecubital + popliteal areas to neck, hands, feet, eyelids, behind ears
➤ commonly itchy
How to deal with ATOPIC ECZEMA?
• remove the allergen, use moisturizer, soothing lotions, topical immune mediators
What is URTICARIA (HIVES)?
➤ edematous plaques with intense itching
➤ raised pink to red areas with paler halo
➤ vary in size
➤ angioedema = thicker lesions from leaking fluid into dermis
➤ histamine is most common mediator
➤ Acute, Chronic or Dermographism
How to deal with URTICARIA (HIVES)?
• antihistamines, starch or colloid baths, oral corticosteroids
What are DRUG INDUCED SKIN ERUPTIONS?
➤ localized or systemic
➤ possibility of epidermal detachment & bullous formation
What is PAPULOSQUAMOUS DERMATOSES?
➤ group of skin disorders
➤ scaling papules & plaques
➤ Examples: psoriasis & lichen planus
What is LICHEN PLANUS?
➤ common
➤ chronic
➤ pruritic
➤ causes inflammation & eruptions of skin & mucous membrane
➤ abnormal immune response linked to Hep C
➤ appears small, flat papules with irregular & angled borders & covered by shiny lace-like pattern
➤ most common to wrist, ankles, trunk, tongue or buccal mucosa
