CLASE #1 - Introducción a las ciencias neurológicas Flashcards

1
Q

Que tipo de neuro transmisor es la acetilcolina

A

Excitador

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2
Q

Que tipo de neuro transmisor es el GABA

A

Inhibidor

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3
Q

Principal neurotransmisor excitador del SN

A

Glutamato

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4
Q

Donde se sintetiza la dopamina

A

Neuronas de la sustancia negra del mesencefalo

Neuronas del area tegmental ventral del mesencefalo

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5
Q

Dos circuitos a los cuales puede ir la dopamina

A
  • núcleos de la base, circuito del núcleo estriado (inhibe)

- áreas viejas de la corteza como: el hipocampo, circuito mesolímbico, complejo nuclear amigdalino (excita)

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6
Q

A que se traduce una doble activación inhibitoria

A

Excitación

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7
Q

Proteina B-amiloide se acumula de forma anormal extracelularmente y bloquea la sinapsis

A

Alzheimer

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8
Q

Proteina Tau

A

Derivada del citoesqueleto neuronal y se acumula intracelularmente

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9
Q

Hungtintina

A

Enfermedad de Hungtinton

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10
Q

Frataxina

A

Ataxia de Friederich

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11
Q

Miopatía hereditaria, deficit de proteina llamada distrofia que se debe a una mutación genética en el brazo corto del cromosoma X

A

Distrofia muscular de Duchenne

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12
Q

Esperanza para pacientes con Distrofia muscular de Duchenne

A

Transplante de mioblastos o células jóvenes

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13
Q

El encefalo tiene aproximadamente 100 mil billones de neuronas, existen mas de 10^15 sinopsis en el sistema nervioso, eso da lugar al concepto de..

A

Redes neuronales o neurociencia de sistema

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14
Q

Mutaciones genéticas que afectan los canales ionices de Na, K, Cl, Ca

A

Canalopatías

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15
Q

Producen mielina en SNC

A

Oligodendrocitos

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16
Q

Producen mielina en SNP

A

Células de Schwann