Circulatory System

Question 1

Which of the following vessels would generate the most resistance to blood flow
Arteries
Veins
Arterioles
all are the same

Answer 1

Arterioles.
Because they are much smaller in diameter than arteries. Since their sectional area is smaller, the flow rate is much slower also.

Question 2

The largest vessels moving towards the heart in humans are termed ____.

Answer 2

Veins.
From the capillaries, the deoxygenated blood moves to the venules and then to the nveins in the direction of returning back to the heart.

Question 3

Which of the following are involved in the contraction of the ventricles:
Atriventricular Node
Purkinje Fibers
Sinoatrial Node
Bundle of His

Answer 3

The Purkinje Fibers.

Question 4

Describe the flow of blood in the pulmonary circuit.

Answer 4

Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Pulmonary Arteries, Pulmonary Veins, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle.

Question 5

Which statement is INCORRECT about red blood cells:
They are also known as erythrocytes.
Are involved in the transportation of oxygen.
When developed have a nucleus.
They contain hemoglobin.

Answer 5

When developed have a nucleus.

RBC rather lack a nucleus when developed.

Question 6

What does the P wave indicate in an electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer 6

atrial depolarization.

ARS complex represent the ventricular contractions.
T wave indicated repolarization.

Question 7

Which of the following carry deoxygenated blood into the heart?

i. Inferior vena cava
ii. superior vena cava
iii. descending aorta
iv. left pulmonary artery
v. right pulmonary artery
vi. left pulmonary veins
vii. right pulmonary vein

Answer 7

Inferior vena cava & Superior vena cava.

Question 8

The sinoatrial node is located in the

Answer 8

aka PACEMAKER is located in the upper wall of the right atrium.
The SA node is what initiates the cardiac cycle in the human body by causing contractions in both the left and right atrium and then triggering the AV node.

Question 9

What causes the “lub-dup” sound that the heart makes in the cardiac cycle?

Answer 9

The closing of the AV valves and both semilunar valves.

Question 10

Cnidarians posses a:
open circulatory system
organ based circulatory system
close circulatory system
Cnidarians do not posses a circulatory system

Answer 10

Cnidarians do not possess a circulatory system. The reason that they do not have one is because they really do not need one at all to survive. Because all of a Cnidarian’s cells are directly contacting their resources (water, etc.), they have open access to all of their needs. Ultimately there is no need for oxygen to be transported along with other nutrients or wastes because of their openness with their environment.

Question 11

Deoxygenated blood first enters the heart in the

Answer 11

right atrium.

The left atrium brings oxygenated blood to the left side of the heart via the left and right pulmonary veins.

Question 12

Order of vessels leaving the heart

Answer 12

Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries.

Arteries are the largest vessels running away from the heart while capillaries are the smallest.

Question 13

When the blood is pumped from the left atrium to the left ventricle, what is the name of the valve that it passes through

Answer 13

AV valve, mitral, and the bicuspid valve. all three names are interchangeable.

Question 14

What type of leukocytes are involved in defending the body from parasites and allergic inflammatory responses.

Answer 14

Eosinophils

Question 15

Correct order of events taking place in the cardiac cycle

Answer 15

SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje Fibers.

Question 16

Which of the following vessels is the heart's largest:
Right pulmonary artery
Inferior vena cava
Superior vena cava
Aorta
Left pulmonary vein

Answer 16

Aorta

Question 17

What is the proper order of the blood clotting sequence in humans:

Answer 17

Platelets interact with collagen of ruptured blood vessel, prothrombin is converted to thrombin, fibrinogen activated to fibrin, and blood clotting occurs.

Question 18

Although arteries in general carry oxygenated blood, which artery carries deoxygenated blood

Answer 18

both the right and left pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungs.

Question 19

Most insects have open circulatory systems where blood freely flows through the body cavity and nutrient/waste exchange occurs in ____.

Answer 19

sinuses.

Question 20

In most annelids, what functions primarily as their “heart”, moving blood throughout their body cavity?

Answer 20

dorsal vessel

Question 21

How does blood move through the veins

Answer 21

skeletal muscle movement

Question 22

The smallest vessels moving away from the heart in humans are termed ___.

Answer 22

capillaries

Question 23

Which of the following carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

i. Inferior vena cava
ii. Superior vena cava
iii. Descending aorta
iv. Left pulmonary artery
v. Right pulmonary artery
vi. Left pulmonary veins
vii. Right pulmonary vein

Answer 23

The descending aorta is the only vessel of the heart provided that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart. The other vessel that does is the ascending aorta. Oxygenated blood is carried towards the heart in the pulmonary veins.

Question 24

The fluid filled sac that surrounds and protects the heart is the

Answer 24

pericardium

Question 25

If a person undergoes a blood transfusion and begins to experience symptoms such as blood in their urine, fever, and their skin turns yellow in color, they are most likely experiencing

Answer 25

ABO incompatibility

Question 26

Where is most of the human body’s lymph returned to

Answer 26

Most of the human body’s lymph is returned to the circulatory system. This return of lymph occurs through the thoracic duct. The lymphatic system as a whole works as a filtering system in line with the circulatory system.

Question 27

If the blood of a mother and her daughter have incompatible Rh factor

Answer 27

The name of the disease that occurs when a pregnant mother’s body produces antibodies that attack the baby’s erythrocytes is called, HDN, Erythroblastosis fetalis, or Rh Incompatibility respectively. If a mother and her child have different Rh factors that are incompatible, the mother’s body may produce antibodies to essentially attack the erythrocytes of the baby.

Question 28

The circulation of blood throughout the body is also known as the

Answer 28

The circulation of blood throughout the body is also known as the systemic circuit. The pulmonary circuit just deals with the flow of blood from the right side of the heart to the left, not the entire body as with the systemic circuit.

Question 29

What does the T wave indicate in an electrocardiogram

Answer 29

repolarization

Question 30

The liquid portion of the blood is referred to as

Answer 30

The liquid portion of the blood is referred to as plasma. This liquid portion of the blood is over 90 percent water by volume and the rest proteins and other important nutrients.