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general psychology > Chpt. 3 study guide > Flashcards

Chpt. 3 study guide Flashcards

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1
Q

Biopsychology

A

explores the biological mechanisms that underlie behavior

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2
Q

Genetics

A
  • studies how inherited genres can affect not just the physiological but psychological traits of a person
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3
Q

Charles darwin

A

explored theory of evolution

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4
Q

evolutionary psychologist

A

presume all behaviors reflect predispositions that helped human ancestors survive

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5
Q

Behavioral Geneticist

A

study how differences arise in the present throughout the interaction of genes and the environment

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6
Q

chromosome

A

strand of DNA

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7
Q

DNA

A

molecule made of nucleotide base pairs

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8
Q

Gene

A

sequence of DNA that controls physical traits

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9
Q

Genotype

A

refers to genetic makeup

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10
Q

Phenotype

A

Describes and individuals observable characteristics

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11
Q

Polygenic trait

A

traits controlled by more than one gene

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12
Q

Epigenetics

A

study of gene-environment interactions, how the genotype leads to different phenotypes

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13
Q

soma

A

body of the neuron cell

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14
Q

axon

A

sends neural impulses

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15
Q

terminal buttons

A

end of the axon

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16
Q

neurotransmitter

A

chemicals released by terminal buttons

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17
Q

synapse

A

space between neuron

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18
Q

dendrites

A

pick up the neurotransmitters

19
Q

myelin sheath

A

protective insulation around axon

20
Q

Depolarization

A

membrane potential becomes less negative making the neurons more likely to fire (excitation)

21
Q

hyperpolarization

A

membrane potential becomes more negative making the neuron less likely to fire (inhibition)

22
Q

reuptake

A

when the neuron absorbs the neurotransmitter it just sent

23
Q

Biological perspective

A

view that psychological disorders are associated with imbalances in one or more neurotransmitter systems

24
Q

psychotropic medication

A

drugs used to treat psychiatric symptoms

25
Q

agonist

A

drug that mimics the effects of a neurotransmitter

26
Q

antagonist

A

drug that blocks normal activity of a given neurotransmitter

27
Q

Central nervous system (what it does, and contains)

A

Processes and responds to sensory information; consists of the brain and spinal cord

28
Q

peripheral nervous system (what it does and contains)

A

connects the central nervous system with the other parts of the body; consists of the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system

29
Q

somatic nervous system

A

relays sensory and motor information to and from the CNS

30
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

automatically controls our internal organs

31
Q

2 parts of the autonomic system

A
  1. sympathetic nervous system
  2. parasympathetic nervous system
32
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

involved in stress-related activities and functions

33
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

involved in the relaxed state of the body (usually after the sympatheric nervous system)

34
Q

what does the spinal cord do?

A

delivers messages to and from the brain, and has its own system of reflex

35
Q

what is lateralization

A

concept that each hemisphere of the brain is associated with specialized functions

36
Q

what do the left and right hemispheres control?

A

a. left controls the right side of the body, dominant for logic

b. right controls the left side of the body, dominant in nonverbal processing and creativity

37
Q

corpus callosum

A

connects the left and right hemispheres

38
Q

forebrain

A

contains cerebral cortex, thalamus, and limbic system

39
Q

limbic system (Hungry Hounds Ate Pavlov)

A

Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Amygdala, and Pituitary

40
Q

Midbrain (what is does, and contains)

A

connects the hindbrain with the forebrain; consists of Reticular formation, Substantia Nigra, Ventral tegmental Area (VTA)

41
Q

Hindbrain aka oldest part (Bandura Totally Roughhoused Clowns)

A

Brainstem, Therabellum, Reticular Formation, and Cerebellum

42
Q

Cerebral Cortex
(Freud Tore Pants Off)

A

a. responsible for processes like language and memory

b. contains Frontal lobe, Temporal lobe, Parietal lobe, and Occipital lobe

43
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

master gland of the endocrine system

44
Q

Endocrine system (what it does and contains)

A

a. series of glands that produces hormone to regulate normal body functions

b. contains pineal gland, thymus, thyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, uterus, ovaries, and testes

general psychology (11 decks)

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