Chpt. 10 study guide Flashcards
Intrinsic motivation vs. Extrinsic motivation
a. intrinsic motivation come from your own personal motives. Its done because of personal enjoyment and not for others validation
b. extrinsic motivation comes from outside motives. Its done because of others validation.
Instinct theory of motivation
-proposed by william james
- behavior is driven by your instincts
Drive theory
states that when your body is not in homeostasis a need results which creates a drive to bring us back in balance. Ex. if you’re thirsty you get the urge to drink water
Arousal theory
we have an innate need for a certain level of arousal.
Social learning theory
- suggest ways that social behavior is learned
- includes reinforcement, punishment and modeling
- parents, peers, schools, and media influence gender roles on children.
cannon-bard theory
emotions occur simultaneously with their physiological components.
ex. we experienced fear so our heart rate increased
James-lange theory
Our body has an immediate physical response and the experience of emotion follows.
Ex. your heart rate increased so you became nervous.
Schacter’s or two-factor theory
when physical reactions occur we look at our environment to figure out why that arousal is occurring, then we attach an emotion to it.
ex. my heart reacted when i saw it and I decided that was fear
-bad because doesn’t talk about specific physical features associated with emotions, like how we don’t get butterflies when we are grossed out
cognitive theory on managing anger
anger is caused by our reaction to frustrating or provocative situations
Productivity and levels of arousal
- low productivity tasks require a high amount of arousal
- high productivity tasks require a low amount of arousal
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
- self-actualization
- esteem
- belongingness and love
- safety
- physiological
Area of the brain involved in ability to engage in sexual behavior but doesn’t affect sexual motivation
Medial preoptic area
Area of the brain involved in motivation for sexual behavior and doesn’t affect the ability to engage in it
- Amygdala
- Nucleus accumbens
Gender vs. Sex
a. gender refers to the cultural and psychological meanings associated with men and women
b. sex is the biological category of male and female
Socialization
teaching children the unwritten rules of society