Chpt 20 Flashcards
Lysozyme and lactoferrin are found in
Saliva
Stomach fluid and bile are considered ___
Antimicrobials
Commensal organisms provide ____
protection of microbial antagonism
___ has the most diverse POP and is VERY LARGE
Normal biota
___ in the gut function is to provide protection
Normal biota
Functions of the normal biota
PROVIDE NUTRIENTS THA WE CAN’T PROVIDE OURSELVES
E.coli synthesizes ___!!
VITAMIN K
Accessory organs and all internal organs contain a small amount of microorganisms (t/f)
False, ACCESSORY ORGANS AND ALL INTERNAL ORGANS don not contain MICROORGANISMS!!
This type of diarrhea have a devastating effect.
E.coli O157:H7
In most diarrheal illnesses, antimicrobial treatment is recommended (t/f)
FALSE, antimicrobial treatment IS CONTRAINDICATED!!
Eggs are infected because the bacteria may enter the egg when the shell is being formed:
Salmonella
Thypoid fever is caused by ___
Typhi variant
One of the severe forms of salmonellosis can include __
Septicimia
Treatment for uncomplicated cases of salmonellosis
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Diarrhea containing blood
Dysentery
Toxin that affects the GI tract, damages the mucosa and villi.
ENTEROTOXIN
Produced by certain species is a more severe enterotoxin.
SHIGA TOXIN
Shiga-toxin-producing E.coli is also known as
E.coli O157:H7
E.coli 157:H7 is produced by
undercooked beef
products eaten raw such as lettuce, vegetables, and apples used in a unpausteurized cider
Shiga toxin is killed by _
Heat
Most common BACTERIAL cause of diarrheal in the US.
Campylobacter
Campylobacter infection can lead to
Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS)
____ Is the single most common precipitatin event
Campylobacter infection
Clostridioides difficile causes
Pseudomembraneous colitis
Is the major cause of diarrhea in hospitals
Clostridioides Difficile
Clostridioides difficile is precipitated by
Therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics such as ampicillin, clindamycin, or cephalosporin
Rice water stool is commonly present in
Vibrio cholerae
Untreated cholera can lead to death (t/f)
True
Food poisoning is caused by:
Staphylococcus aureus
Food poisoning must be suspected when__
Vomiting is accompained by diarrhea
Swelling of the parotid salivary gland
Parotitis
Mumps is a __
vrius
Where is mumps usually located
20%-30% of young adults males have it localized in the epidimys and testes on one side usually. NO permanent damage usually occurs
Yellow tinge in the skin and eyes caused by billirubin
Jaundice
Jaundice is a sign of
Hepatitis
___ symptoms are subclinical or accompained by vague, flulike symptoms
Hepatitis A and E
____ symptoms are direct damage to liver cells.
Hepatitis B and D
___ can lead to liver cancer
Chronic HBV
___ is considered one of the major infecitous concerns for healthcare workers.
Hepatitis B and D
____ remains infective for days in dried blood
HBV
Lifer failure for hepatitis A is one of the most common reasons for liver transplant in the USA (t/f)
False, liver failure is caused by HEPATITIS C
Cancer may be a result from ___
HCV infection
There’s a vaccine for prevention against hepatitis C (t/f)
False, there’s no vaccine for hepatitis C
NCLEX1.GALT includes
a. Peyer’s patch
b. the appendix
c. tonsils
d. adenoids
e. all of the above
f. none of the above
Peyer’s patch, the appendix, tonsils, adenoids
NCLEX2. A nurse is preparing to asses a patient admitted for persistent diaherra. It was reported that the patient has experienced a 6% weight loss in the past 24hrs. Which of the following manifstations may be expected
a. increased respiratory rate
b. hypertension
c. headache
d. headache
e. extreme thrist
f. sustained tachychardia
A,B,C,D,E
NCLEX3. A client has been diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome. Which observation found in the client’s past medical hisotry is relevant?
a. congestive heart faiulre
b. campylobacter infection
c. dehyration
d. diabetes mellitus
Campylobacter infection
NCLEX4. A patient with hepatitis is admitted to an inpatient medical unit. The nurse educates her about the clinical manifestations that accompany the disease. All of the following may be associated with jaundice, expect
a. yellowsclerae
b. pruritus
c. clay-colored stools
d. dark-colored urine
Dark colored urine
NCLEX5. Blood in the stool may occur in which of the following?
a. salmonella infection
b. rotavirus infection
c. clostridioides difficile infection
d. shigella infection
- Which of the following causes of acute diahrreal is the ost concern to the CDC due to antibiotic?
a. salmonella
b. C.diff
c. cryptosporidium
d. Shigella
C.diff
- This endospore forming bacterium contaminates meat and vegetables, and in other situations causes gas gangrene.
a. Bacillus cereus
b. Clostridium perfringens
c. Shigella
d. Staph aureus
Clostridium perfringens
- Which of the following bacteria produces enzyme that breaks down urea
a. helicobacter pylori
b. salmonella
c. shigella
d. shiga-toxin producing E.coli
Helicobacter pylori
- Which of these organisms has an unusual double-stranded RNA genome?
a. norovirus
b. schistosoma
c. hepatitis c
d. rotavirus
Rotavirus
- The normal biota of the GI tract is the most diverse in the
a. pharynx
b. stomach
c. small intestine
d. large intestine
Large intestine
- Which of the following is associate with Guillain-Barre syndrome?
a. E.coli
b. Salmonella
c. Campylobacter
d. Shigella
Campylobacter
- You are examining a patient who is a recent immigrant from Southeast asia. She is complaining of diarrhea and vomiting. Which of these would add to your potential diagnosis in light of her history
a. Vibrio cholerae
b. Salmonlla
c. Shigella
d. Campylobacter
Vibrio cholerae
