Chp 7 - Motivation Flashcards

1
Q

Meaning of Motivation

A

set of energetic forces that originates both within and outside an employee, initiates work-related effort, and determines its direction, intensity, and persistence.

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2
Q

What does engagement mean?

A

A contemporary synonym more or less for high levels of intensity and persistence in work effort.

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3
Q

Low level engagement is never contagious

A

False. Low level engagement can be contagious.

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4
Q

What is the Expectancy theory?

A

Describes the cognitive process that employees go through to make choices among different voluntary response

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5
Q

What three things does motivation determine

A

What employees do at a given moment
How hard an employee work
For how long the persistence of effort

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6
Q

What three beliefs help determine work effort, according to expectancy theory?

A

Expectancy
Instrumentality
Valence

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7
Q

What does Expectancy mean

A

Represents the belief that exerting a high level of effort will result in the successful performance of some task

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8
Q

What factor shape our expectancy?

A

Self efficacy

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9
Q

What does it mean to be self efficacy?

A

As the belief that a person has the capability’s needed to execute the behaviours required for success

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10
Q

What 4 factors do employee consider efficacy for a given task?

A

Past accomplishment
Vicarious Experience (Samiha experience)
Verbal Persuasion
Emotional cues

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11
Q

After considering the four factors what are the two branches

A

Analysis of task requirements

Assessment of personal and situational resources

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12
Q

What does this represents
“the belief that successful performance will result in some outcome”

A

Instrumentality (set of subjective probabilities that successful performance will bring set of outcome. )

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13
Q

what does valence reflect

A

reflects the anticipated value of the outcomes associated with performance

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14
Q

Example of positive and negative valence

A

Salary increase bonus

disciplinary actions, demotions, terminations

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15
Q

What is extrinsic motivation

A

motivation controlled by some contingency that depends on task performance.

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16
Q

What is intrinsic motivation

A

motivation felt when task performance serves as its own reward.

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17
Q

Define Goal setting theory

A

View goals as the primary driver of the intensity and persistence of effort.

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18
Q

The goals that are assigned to employee must be_____

A

Specific and difficult goals

19
Q

When setting a difficult goal it is important to keep in mind what?

A

stretches to performa at their maximum level while staying within the boundaries of their ability

20
Q

When assigning goals and if they are unable to change self set goal, Motivation and performance will not be affected

A

False. If assigned goals are unable to change internal goals, motivation and performance will be unaffected.

21
Q

What are the 3 moderators of goal setting

A

Feedback
Task Complexity
Goal commitment

22
Q

What three factors push toward task performance after self set goal

A
  1. Intensity of effort
  2. Persistence of effort
  3. Task Strategies
23
Q

What does SMART stand for?

A

Smart
Measurable
Achievable
Results-based
Time sensitive

24
Q

Tell me Equity theory

A

Acknowledge that motivation doesn’t just depend on your own beliefs and circumstances but also on what happens to other people

25
Equity theory argues that you compare your ratio of outcomes and inputs to the ration of some ___
Comparison other
26
According to equity theory, any imbalance in ratios triggers _____.
Equity distress (anger and envy)
27
Total outcome and input matter in equity.
False. Only ratio.
28
Cognitive distortion occurs when?
When your ratio is greater than others. Feel guilty or anxiety
29
What is the most powerful driver of citizenship behaviour?
Job equity
30
What type of comparison type is the most powerful drive for employee withdrawal?
Occupational equity
31
What type of comparison type is the most powerful drive for citzenship behaviour?
Job equity
32
what are the 5 types of equity
Job equity Company equity Occupational equity Educational equity Age equity
33
What does psychological empowerment mean?
Which reflects an energy rooted in the belief that work tasks contributed to some larger purpose.
34
Psychological empowerment represents a form of _______
intrinsic motivation
35
What 4 factors shape psychological empowerment
1. Meaningfulness 2. Self determination 3. Competence 4. Impact
36
What does this mean "Captures the value of work goal or purpose, relative to person own ideals and passions.
Meaningfulness
37
Reflects a sense of choice in the initiation and continuation of work task
Self determination. (work on, structure and long to pursue)
38
What does competence mean
A persons belief in their capability to perform work task successfully. (pride and mastery)
39
What are the three types of Compensation plan?
Individual focused Unit focused Organization focused
40
What are 3 types of individual focused compensation
1. Piece rate pay 2. Merit pay 3. Lump sum bonus
41
What is the one example of unit focused?
Gain sharing
42
What is the one example of organization focused
Profit sharing
43
What are the 5 process on how we stay motivated?
Expectancy Goal setting Equity Psychological Empowerment Job Characteristics (Job design as motivator)