Chp 7 - Motivation Flashcards

1
Q

Meaning of Motivation

A

set of energetic forces that originates both within and outside an employee, initiates work-related effort, and determines its direction, intensity, and persistence.

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2
Q

What does engagement mean?

A

A contemporary synonym more or less for high levels of intensity and persistence in work effort.

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3
Q

Low level engagement is never contagious

A

False. Low level engagement can be contagious.

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4
Q

What is the Expectancy theory?

A

Describes the cognitive process that employees go through to make choices among different voluntary response

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5
Q

What three things does motivation determine

A

What employees do at a given moment
How hard an employee work
For how long the persistence of effort

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6
Q

What three beliefs help determine work effort, according to expectancy theory?

A

Expectancy
Instrumentality
Valence

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7
Q

What does Expectancy mean

A

Represents the belief that exerting a high level of effort will result in the successful performance of some task

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8
Q

What factor shape our expectancy?

A

Self efficacy

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9
Q

What does it mean to be self efficacy?

A

As the belief that a person has the capability’s needed to execute the behaviours required for success

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10
Q

What 4 factors do employee consider efficacy for a given task?

A

Past accomplishment
Vicarious Experience (Samiha experience)
Verbal Persuasion
Emotional cues

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11
Q

After considering the four factors what are the two branches

A

Analysis of task requirements

Assessment of personal and situational resources

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12
Q

What does this represents
“the belief that successful performance will result in some outcome”

A

Instrumentality (set of subjective probabilities that successful performance will bring set of outcome. )

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13
Q

what does valence reflect

A

reflects the anticipated value of the outcomes associated with performance

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14
Q

Example of positive and negative valence

A

Salary increase bonus

disciplinary actions, demotions, terminations

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15
Q

What is extrinsic motivation

A

motivation controlled by some contingency that depends on task performance.

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16
Q

What is intrinsic motivation

A

motivation felt when task performance serves as its own reward.

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17
Q

Define Goal setting theory

A

View goals as the primary driver of the intensity and persistence of effort.

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18
Q

The goals that are assigned to employee must be_____

A

Specific and difficult goals

19
Q

When setting a difficult goal it is important to keep in mind what?

A

stretches to performa at their maximum level while staying within the boundaries of their ability

20
Q

When assigning goals and if they are unable to change self set goal, Motivation and performance will not be affected

A

False. If assigned goals are unable to change internal goals, motivation and performance will be unaffected.

21
Q

What are the 3 moderators of goal setting

A

Feedback
Task Complexity
Goal commitment

22
Q

What three factors push toward task performance after self set goal

A
  1. Intensity of effort
  2. Persistence of effort
  3. Task Strategies
23
Q

What does SMART stand for?

A

Smart
Measurable
Achievable
Results-based
Time sensitive

24
Q

Tell me Equity theory

A

Acknowledge that motivation doesn’t just depend on your own beliefs and circumstances but also on what happens to other people

25
Q

Equity theory argues that you compare your ratio of outcomes and inputs to the ration of some ___

A

Comparison other

26
Q

According to equity theory, any imbalance in ratios triggers _____.

A

Equity distress (anger and envy)

27
Q

Total outcome and input matter in equity.

A

False. Only ratio.

28
Q

Cognitive distortion occurs when?

A

When your ratio is greater than others. Feel guilty or anxiety

29
Q

What is the most powerful driver of citizenship behaviour?

A

Job equity

30
Q

What type of comparison type is the most powerful drive for employee withdrawal?

A

Occupational equity

31
Q

What type of comparison type is the most powerful drive for citzenship behaviour?

A

Job equity

32
Q

what are the 5 types of equity

A

Job equity
Company equity
Occupational equity
Educational equity
Age equity

33
Q

What does psychological empowerment mean?

A

Which reflects an energy rooted in the belief that work tasks contributed to some larger purpose.

34
Q

Psychological empowerment represents a form of _______

A

intrinsic motivation

35
Q

What 4 factors shape psychological empowerment

A
  1. Meaningfulness
  2. Self determination
  3. Competence
  4. Impact
36
Q

What does this mean “Captures the value of work goal or purpose, relative to person own ideals and passions.

A

Meaningfulness

37
Q

Reflects a sense of choice in the initiation and continuation of work task

A

Self determination.

(work on, structure and long to pursue)

38
Q

What does competence mean

A

A persons belief in their capability to perform work task successfully. (pride and mastery)

39
Q

What are the three types of Compensation plan?

A

Individual focused
Unit focused
Organization focused

40
Q

What are 3 types of individual focused compensation

A
  1. Piece rate pay
  2. Merit pay
  3. Lump sum bonus
41
Q

What is the one example of unit focused?

A

Gain sharing

42
Q

What is the one example of organization focused

A

Profit sharing

43
Q

What are the 5 process on how we stay motivated?

A

Expectancy
Goal setting
Equity
Psychological Empowerment
Job Characteristics (Job design as motivator)