Chp 10 - Communication Flashcards
Tell me the meaning of communication?
the process by which
information and meaning is transferred from a sender to a receiver.
Tell me the communication process in order
1.Sender (Information)
2. Encode
3. Message
4. Decoding
5. Receiver (Understanding)
The nature of communication in face-to-face encounters often has both ______ and ______ qualities that together provide an extremely rich information source.
Verbal
Nonverbal
What is verbal communication?
a form of communication in which messages are sent and received using written and spoken language.
mission statement, its corporate goals and values, its annual report, and shorter-term and longer-term plans. Are all examples of type of communication?
Written communication that convey what is important to the organization
Is it true that face to face communication can be either written or oral?
True (surprising right!)
Job descriptions, explicit and standardized work procedures, training and operational manuals, contracts, performance appraisals, and meeting agendas and minutes. Are all examples of what?
written communication that convey what is important to the organization
Job interviews, team meetings, performance appraisals, formal presentations, and of course when the boss is assigning work. Are examples of what type of communication
Oral communication, but formal and structured
Define Nonverbal communication
the sending and receiving of thoughts and feelings via nonverbal behaviour rather than through spoken or written words.
Some examples of non verbal communication include?
Inflection, tone, and volume of their voice;
hand gestures and facial expression;
body posture and stance; eye contact
movements; smell; and dress and appearance.
What are the 5 primary functions of non verbal cues serve during face to face exchange? But tell me 2 right now and in detail
- Shows who we are in terms of our personalities, values, intentions, and attitudes.
- Dominance and establish hierarchy within a social group. (talking time and like eye contact)
What are the other 3 of non verbal purpose
- facilitate working together. (display confidence, enthusiasm, and capability)
- Foster high-quality relationships. (signal trust, being vulnerable)
- Display emotional states,
During face-to-face exchanges,
receivers tend to see
verbal messages as more credible, believable, and trustworthy sources of information than nonverbal messages. T or F?
False, nonverbal more trustworthy than verbal. (Action louder than words)
The lesson here is that better communicators need to not only pay attention to nonverbal cues but the _____?
Context of info being shared (Japan women looking down)
The exchange of information and meaning using an electronic, digital medium. This is the definition of?
Computer mediated communication
What are 4 types of computer mediated communication
- Videoconferencing
- Corporate wikis
- Social netowrking
Saima is sending an email what do you think the email lacks and is the reason why you are having hard time to interrpret it?
email lacks he nonverbal cues, such as facial expressions and tone of voice, needed to convey feelings.
When saima company statred to use email as there main form of communication what happened to the other forms?
They all decreased.
_________ is a communication medium that permits real-time, virtual interaction between remote individuals and individuals or groups via Internet.
Video Conferencing
Computer meditating is more efficient than face to face. T or F
True
When is videoconferencing not effective?
for tasks that require more “communication bandwidth,”
- bargaining
- conflict resolution
- negotiation
- getting to know people.
What are the 5 steps to reduce effects of online video meetings?
- Avoid multitasking
- Build in breaks
- Reduce information (off camera, plain background)
- Socialize
- Use alternative methods (use phone or email)
_____a highly flexible application that allows people to quickly exchange verbal information and collaboratively solve problems, learn, manage projects, and create knowledge. This explains what?
Wiki Lol When I catch you Wiki
________that they are ubiquitous, user-friendly, highly interactive, conversational, and they greatly enhance the exchange of verbal information between senders and receivers. This describes?
Social Network Application
2 examples of social network applicants
LinkedIn
Achievers (Used for employee engagement, reward and recognition)
What are 5 communication potential problems?
- Communicator competence
- Noise
- Information richness
- Gender differences
- Privacy
What is sensing?
Process of receiving signals from the sender and paying attention to them
Active listeners improved sensing in 3 ways. What are they?
- They postpone evaluation by not forming an opinion until the speaker has finished.
- They avoid interrupting the speaker’s conversation.
- R emain motivated to listen to the speaker.
_____ includes understanding, evaluating and remembering the message.
Evaluating
- Empathize with listeners
- try to understand and be sensitive to the speaker’s feelings, thoughts, and situation
- improves by organizing the speaker’s idea during
the communication episode
These three ways are how ______ improved?
Evaluating is
Essentially feedback that you provide and it motivates and directs the speaker’s communication. This defines?
Responding
3 ways to show that you are responding?
interest through nonverbal cues.
1. eye contact, nodding, symbiotic facial expression,
2. sending back channel signals.
3. clarify the message, such as by summarizing
or rephrasing at right time (Gufran)
Define Job Interview in the application of communication.
Face-to-face employment interviews with verbal and nonverbal cues that signal to the interviewer whether candidates are suitable and interested in the position and the extent to which they fit with the culture.
Communicator competence is defined as?
the ability of communicators to encode and interpret messages.
(Some good some bad at it)
Is is true that communicator’s are good at regulating their emotions and understand the emotions of others. Which is why it result in clearer communications that are less prone to misunderstanding.
Yes it is true
“disturbing or distracting stimuli (e.g., sounds, environmental events, technical issues) that block or interfere with the transmission of a message.” Is referred to?
Noise (At a party example)
What is information richness?
defined as the amount and depth of the information transmitted in a message.
Which of the form of communication has the highest level of of richness?
Face to face, think like personal note too
Information richness is appropriate for all level of information that is communicated. T or F?
False, depends on the purpose of the communication and the complexity of the task at hand. greater the complexity of the work - information richness
Tell me when they say gender differences what does it mean in terms of communication?
refer to the different ways men and women tend to process and interpret information and communicate with others.
How do men tend to communicate?
use a style of communication that helps them achieve and maintain status, power, and independence
(Direct)
How do women tend to communicate?
tend to send messages and use a style that builds and strengthens their relationships.
(indirect)
Why should we be aware of gender differences?
because they can lead
to misunderstandings between male and female team members, and often to faulty inferences about each other’s confidence and ability, especially for women.
“A state in which individuals’ can express themselves freely without being observed, recorded, or disturbed by other, unauthorized, individuals or groups.” This describes?
Privacy
What 5 things to protect our privacy?
- Never expect absolute privacy
- Before you join see if you can join a closed network
- Choose the highest and most restrictive security setting
- Take a second before you post
- Some site may need your personal info to be available for authorized persons
What is the down side of social media?
It reduces an individual’s perceived cost of expressing their ideas and opinions.
What are the two way do formal communication occur through?
Vertical and Horizontal
What is the formal vertical communication channel?
information flowing along lines of authority and reporting relationships.
(Production report to supervisor etc)
What is the horizontal channel?
with information flowing between people who work at the same level within the organization but in different functional areas
What are three forms of formal communication?
- Downward
- Upward
- Horizontal
What is downward communication?
is communication that flows from the top
to the bottom of the vertical channel, reinforcing the hierarchical nature of the organization.
3 purpose of downward communication?
- Relay decisions, plans, and instruction
- Written policy, procudure passed down
- To evaluate subordinates job performance
2 downside of downward communication
- volume of info flowing
2.. Can be slow
What is upward communication?
Communication that flows from the bottom to the top of the vertical channel
When does upward communication happen?
Only when people feel they can trust their superior with open and honest feedback will this approach be effective
What is horizontal communication?
occurs when information flows among members of work groups, teams, or functional units who reside at the same level in the organization.
When is horizontal communication used?
used to coordinate effort, solve problems, share information, resolve conflicts, and build rapport.
What are formal networks?
The ways members of a team or work unit typically interact and exchange messages.
What are the 5 types of communication network structures?
- All channel network
- Circle network
- Chain network
- Y network
- Wheel network
Briefly explain me all the 5 types of communication network.
Rank and say them according to higher member satisfaction to lowest!
All channel: Any member can send and receive messages from any other
Circle: Send and receive from who is are immediately adjacent to them
Chain: Info passed from one to one from one end of chain to other (downward Communication)
Y: One member controls flow of info between one set of members
Wheel: Little or no direct formal communication between the spokes. One person controls all info/ communication and decides who receives info and who doesn’t.
What is lower centralized of communication or higher?
Lower centralized communication is when there is leader taking control.
High centralized when everyone can talk with anyone
work is simple and straightforward a ___________ structure tends to result in faster solutions with fewer mistakes.
Centralized. So less time to chitty chit chat
work is complex and difficult to understand, a
________ structure tends to be more efficient.
Decentralized
What is informal communication network?
refer to spontaneous and emergent patterns of communication that result from the choices individuals make on their own
Information gleaned from informal sources will sometimes be viewed as more believable. T or F?
Its true bro you believe anyone but the real source
What is grapevine?
refers to the primary informal communication network within an organization. used to circulate information about their work or other people.
*Office water station
What is one kind of message that travels along the grapevine network?
Rumours. Unverified statements. Even gossip.
What should a company do if the grapevine is more popular but you cant cut it because its way for employee to vent and have a sense of unity?
Improve your quality and integrity of formal messaging
Research found the relationship of a form of downward communication which is?
Supervisor feedback, provides info to subordinate about their job performance.
Supervisor has _______ job performance
Weak correlation because feedback has to be accepted
Supervisor has _______ Orgaizational commitment
Strong correlation. Great support.
What is Job interview?
As a conversation initiated by one or more persons to gather information and evaluate the qualifications of an applicant for a job.
Job interview wants to increase the degree of ____ and _____.
Reliability (Free of random error)
Predictive validity (rating predict future job performance)
What are the two types of interview
Behavioural description and situational
Interviewing, applicants are told about important job attributes of the role they are applying for and then asked to reflect upon their past work experience and describe behaviours that demonstrate the attribute in question. This is what type of interview?
Behavioural description (Past)
Interviewers present several realistic job scenarios that each involve a dilemma
Situational (Future)
What are some nonverbal behaviours that play a important
Eye contact, head/hand movement, smiling, and body posture.
This is important because it shows how assertive, motivated, self confidence, enthusiasm and sociability.
What are the 3 categories of non verbal cues that interviewers who are expert pay attention too?
- Poise
- Body language convey interest
- Body language demonstrate expressiveness
