CHP. 6 - Acquisition of Memory Flashcards
Acquisition (encoding)
learning new info
Storage (consolidation)
process of forming a physical representation of a memory over time
Retrieval (recall)
accessing stored memories - remembering
Tip of the Tongue phenomenon
inability to retrieve a word from memory
* can describe other details
Modal Model of Memory
(think steps)
incoming info -> sensory memory -> short-term memory -> long-term memory
* STM is reinforced via rehearsal
Working memory (WM)
dynamic form of short-term storage
* less of a place, more of a status
* mental operation you’re doing
Primacy effect
better memory for first few items in list
* LTM
* more rehearsal/repetition
Recency effect
Better memory for last few items in list
* WM
Elaborative rehearsal
- commit info to LTM
- Contextualizes info for better storage/retrieval
(chunking, using rhymes, mnemonics)
Maintenance rehearsal
- commit info to STM
- Uses repetition w/o contextualization
- more forgetful
(forgetting names, times, dates, etc.)
Incidental learning
learning in the absence of an intention to learn
(learning a new skill on the fly)
Intentional learning
deliberate, with the expectation that memory will be later tested
(course/test content)
Iconic memory
temporary visual memory
very fast decay (1-2 secs)
Echolic memory
temporary auditory memory
(decay after 3-4 secs.)
Phonological loop
WM that deals w/spoken & written material
