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Memory & Cognition > CHP. 2 - Neural Basis of Cognition > Flashcards

CHP. 2 - Neural Basis of Cognition Flashcards

1
Q

Capgras Syndrome

A

False belief that an identical duplicate has replaced someone significant (ex. spouse)
* emotional appraisal is disrupted
* Damage to amygdala & frontal lobe

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1
Q

Fusiform gyrus

A

Key structure for high-level vision
* face perception
* object recognition
* reading

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2
Q

Hindbrain function

A

Life-sustaining functions
* posture & balance
* alertness

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3
Q

Cerebellum

A

Coordinates movement & balance
* sensory & cognitive roles

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4
Q

Midbrain functions

A
  • Coordinating precise eye movement
  • Motor coordination
  • Relaying auditory info from ears to forebrain
  • Regulating pain
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5
Q

Sulci

A

shallow grooves in brain

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6
Q

Gyri

A

thick folds in brain

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7
Q

Fissures

A

Deep grooves in brain

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8
Q

Longitudnal Fissure

A

Separates cerebral hemispheres (left & right)

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9
Q

Frontal lobe functions

A
  • Proper judgement
  • Understanding language
  • Voluntary movements
  • Emotional expression
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10
Q

Temporal lobe functions

A
  • Speech production/comprehension
  • Language recognition
  • Object recognition
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11
Q

Parietal lobes function

A
  • 5 senses (sight, taste, smell, hearing, touch)
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12
Q

Occipital lobe function

A
  • Assessing distance, size, & depth
  • Mapping of visual world
  • Color properties
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13
Q

Primary motor projection areas

A

Signals muscle movements
* Located in motor cortex

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14
Q

Somatosensory area

A

Skin sensations

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15
Q

Primary auditory cortex

A

Auditory sensations

16
Q

Primary visual cortex

A

Visual sensations

17
Q

Apraxia

A

Problems with initiating or organizing voluntary tasks/movements

18
Q

Agnosia

A

Problems identifying familiar objects
* Can affect any of the senses (ex. visual agnosia, auditory agnosia, etc.)

19
Q

Unilateral neglect syndrome

A

Problems in which half the visual world is ignored

20
Q

Aphasia

A

Problems with language

21
Q

Thalamus

A

Sensory relay station

22
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Regulates homeostasis & biological needs

23
Q

Limbic system

A

“Emotion center”
* Emotion
* Memory
* Pleasure & reward

24
Q

Amygdala

A

Threat detection/fear
* Consolidation of emotional memories

25
Q

Hippocampus

A

Long-term memory formation & retrieval

26
Q

Contralateral processing

A

Left brain receives sensory info from & controls motor signals on right side of the body (& vice versa)

27
Q

CT scan

A

Structure only
* X-rays

28
Q

MRI scan

A

Movement of water molecules
* Structure only

29
Q

PET scan

A

Radioactive isotopes
* Indirect function (but delayed)

30
Q

fMRI scans

A

Movement of water molecules & blood-oxygen level-dependent response
* Indirect function

31
Q

EEG scans

A

Very fast
* Used to observe sleep & seizures
* Safest

Memory & Cognition (9 decks)

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