Chp 34 Diagnostic Testing Study Guide Flashcards
Insertion of a need directly into the vein
venipuncture
involved removing fluid from the peritoneal cavity
paracentesis
sof tissue radiographs that allow visualization of the underlying breast tissue
mammogram
radiologic procedure in which the use of a special scanner allows cross-sectional images of an organ to be visualized
computed tomography (CT)
involves removing a larger collection of cells, as in a tumor or mass, and may be used to detect cancer in the skin, breast or liver
biopsy
involves the use of a superconducting magnet and radio frequency waves that cause hydrogen nuclei to emit signals
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
a procedure that provides visualization of soft tissue organs by recording and meaning the reflection of sonic waves
ultrasound
removes fluid from the pleural space
thoracentesis
contains chemically altered filter paper that change color when stool containing blood is placed on it
hemoccult
recording of the electrical current generated by the heart during depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac muscle
electrocardiogram
What are the components of a CBC
Include the RBC count, hemoglobin level, hematocrit (HCT), red cell indices, while blood cell count (WBC), and differential WBC
The nurse anticipate that testing will be done for the patient who is taking an anticoagulant. Identify at last two specific test that may be ordered to asses this patient’s status
Tests of patient on anticoagulants are platelets, bleeding time, prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen
Glucose testing is done to determine the presence of which pathologic condition
Diabetes mellitus
The patient asks about “good cholesterol” Which one of these should the nurse identify to the patient. LDL HDL
High density lipoprotein is the good cholesterol
What are expected findings for a urinalysis are
Clear to slightly hazy and negative protein
C reactive protein (CRP is used as a marker for which disorders
Has been used in the past as a marker for inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and inflammatory bowel syndrome. High sensitivity CRP is considered a marker for vascular inflammation. CRP is now used as a screening for coronary artery disease and as a predictor of future cardiac events
The following cardia markers may be ordered for the attitude to determine possible tissue damage
myoglobin, troponin T, total creatine kinase
the patient has stools that tare black and tarry in appearance. The nurse recognizes this finding as associated with
bleeding in the upper GI tract
Which test is performed for the patient with a suspected tapeworm and how must the sample be sent to the laboratory
A test for fecal ova and parasites is done, with the sample sen to the laboratory still warm
The patient is to have a culture and sensitivity done. How do you explain this test to the patient
For suspected infection, a specimen (urine, blood, sputum etc.) is sent to the lab, where a section is placed on a culture medium. If bacteria are found to grow, it is a positive result. After identification of the bacteria, it is exposed to different antibiotics to see which one would be most effective tin treating the infection
what disorders can be diagnosed with a chest radiograph
pulmonary disorders, such as TB, cancer, and pneumonia
The patient had a diagnostic test with contrast media. Following the test, the nurse notices that the patient has developed a rash and does not feel well. What does the nurse suspect that the patient may be experiencing
allergic reaction ,which may progress to anaphylaxis
What tests requires the patient to fast
cholesterol, low density lipoprotein
The patient is to have an MRI, What instruction would the nurse provide to the patient for this test
Contraindicated in patient with pacemakers, inner ear implants, fragments from gunshot wounds, or any other metal object in the body. All jewelry is removed before the test. Some patients experience claustrophobia because the test is sometimes performed in a tunnel like machine for 30-90 minutes. Rarely people with a tattoo have reported burning and swelling in the ear of the tattoo after MRI