Chp 16

Question 1

The presentation that aims to change listeners by prompting them to think feel or act differently

Answer 1

Persuasive speeches

Question 2

Name 3 things persuasive speeches consists of

Answer 2

1) it’s transactional
2) uses artistic proof
3) is usually incremental

Question 3

What are the three pillars of persuasion, or the three forms of proof

Answer 3

1) ethos
2) pathos
3) logos

Question 4

Ethos

Answer 4

The perceived personal character of the speaker

Question 5

Pathos

Answer 5

Emotional proofs for claim

Question 6

Logos

Answer 6

Rational or logical proofs

Question 7

Name the two forms of reasoning

Answer 7

1) inductive reasoning

2) deductive reasoning

Question 8

A form of reasoning that begins with specific instances and forms General conclusions based on them

Answer 8

Inductive reasoning

Question 9

A form of reasoning in which a general premise followed by a specific claim establishes a conclusion

Answer 9

Deductive reasoning

Question 10

Elements of Toulmin model

Answer 10

1) Claims
2) grounds
3) Warrant
4) qualifier
5) rebuttal

Question 11

A representation of affective reasoning that includes five components: claim, grounds, warrant, qualifier, and a rebuttal

Answer 11

Toulmin Model of reasoning

Question 12

An assertion

Answer 12

Claim

Question 13

Evidence that supports the claim in a speech

Answer 13

Grounds

Question 14

A justification for grounds and claims in persuasive speaking

Answer 14

Warrant

Question 15

A word or a phrase that limits the scope of the claim.

Answer 15

Qualifier

Question 16

Name three common qualifiers

Answer 16

Most, usually, and in general

Question 17

A response to listeners reservations about a claim and buy a speaker

Answer 17

Rebuttal

Question 18

The perception that a person is informed and trustworthy. Listeners confer it, or refuse to confer it, on speakers

Answer 18

Credibility

Question 19

Credibility is not ___ Because it can change in the course of communication

Answer 19

Static

Question 20

Name the three types of credibility

Answer 20

1) initial
2) derived
3) terminal

Question 21

The expertise and trustworthiness recognized by listeners before a presentation begins. This is based on titles, positions, experiences, or achievements that are known to listeners before they hear a speech

Answer 21

Initial credibility

Question 22

Expertise and trustworthiness that listeners confer on speakers as a result of how speakers communicate during presentations. Speakers can earn this kind of credibility by demonstrating care for listeners, by organizing ideas clearly and logically, by including convincing and emotionally compelling evidence, and by speaking dynamically

Answer 22

Derived credibility

Question 23

The cumulative expertise And trustworthiness listeners attribute To a speaker as a result of the speakers initial and derived credibility; maybe greater or less than initial credibility, depending on how effectively a speaker communicates

Answer 23

Terminal credibility

Question 24

A pattern for organizing persuasive speech is that consist of five steps: attention, need, satisfaction, Visualization, and action

Answer 24

Motivated sequence pattern

Question 25

Name the five steps in motivated sequence

Answer 25

1) attention 2) need 3) satisfaction 4) visualization 5) Action

Question 26

The recognition and enlargement of common ground between communicators

Answer 26

Identification

Question 27

An error in reasoning

Answer 27

Fallacy

Question 28

Argument that attacks the integrity of the person instead of the person‘s idea

Answer 28

as hominem arguments

Question 29

Latin phrase meaning “ after this, therefore because of this.” The fallacy of suggesting or Assuming that because event B follows events A, event A has therefore caused event B

Answer 29

Post hoc, ergo propter hoc

Question 30

The fallacious argument that because many people believe or act in a certain way, everyone should

Answer 30

Bandwagon appeal

Question 31

The fallacy I’m suggesting or assuming that one’s a certain step is taken, Other steps will inevitably follow that will lead to some unacceptable consequence

Answer 31

Slippery slope

Question 32

A broad claim based on two few examples or insufficient evidence

Answer 32

Hasty generalization

Question 33

An argument that is a relevant to the topic; and attempt to divert attention from something that arguer can’t or doesn’t want to address

Answer 33

Red herring arguments

Question 34

The fallacy Of suggesting or assuming the only two options or courses of action exist when in fact there are more

Answer 34

Either or logic

Question 35

This occurs when we generalize a persons authority or expertise in a particular area to other areas that are irrelevant to the person’s experience and knowledge

Answer 35

Halo effect