Childhood Immunizations Flashcards
How many vaccines are given between birth and adolescence?
16 vaccines
How many vaccines do children receive by 2 years of age?
14
How much money do vaccines save in health care costs?
$9.9 billion
How much money do vaccines save in indirect costs?
$33.4 billion
16 vaccines that are commonly administered during childhood
Chickenpox (varicella)
Diphtheria
Influenza
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis B
Hib
Measles
Mumps
Polio
Pneumococcal
Rotavirus
Rubella
Tetanus
Whooping cough (pertussis)
Meningococcal
HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
What is the VFC program and who is eligible for the program?
Vaccines for Children, and it provides free vaccinations to children up until 18 years of age
A child 18 or younger must be one of the following to qualify:
American Indian or Alaska Native
Medicaid-eligible
Uninsured
Underinsured
Are schools or daycare centers regulated by the CDC or AAP for vaccine compliance?
no
What kind of information does the CDC provide in relation to vaccines?
Recommendation schedules and catch-up schedules
Education for parents and providers
Common questions about vaccines and vaccine preventable diseases
Vaccine Information Statements (VIS)
What are contraindications/precautions for all vaccines?
Anaphylactic reaction to a vaccine contraindicates further doses of that vaccine
Anaphylactic reaction to a vaccine constituent contraindicates the use of vaccines containing that substance
Moderate or severe illness with or without fever
Live virus vaccines in immunocompromised patients and patients with recent acquired passive immunity
What is the difference between a contraindication and a precaution?
A contraindication is considered as a condition in an individual that increases the risk for a serious adverse reaction (e.g. not administering a live virus vaccine to a severely immune compromised child) – straight from text.
A precaution is a condition in a recipient that might increase the risk for a serious adverse reaction or that might compromise the ability of the vaccine to produce immunity. A precaution may or may not prevent vaccine administration.
What are general common mild side effects of immunizations?
Soreness, redness, or swelling where shot was administered
Low grade fever
Fussiness, drowsiness, decreased appetite
When do side effects of vaccines often start?
Within hours to 1-2 days after vaccination
How should vaccine side effects be treated?
acetaminophen or ibuprofen
continued use of extremity
Who is responsible for reviewing risks/benefits of vaccines?
the provider
What part of the VIS is important to document in vaccine administration?
publication date
What should be recorded in the documentation following a vaccine administration?
Complete date of administration
Name of vaccine
Manufacturer and lot number of vaccine
Expiration date
Site and route of administration
Name and title of person administering vaccine
Informed consent
VIS information
Where should adverse reactions to vaccines be reported?
Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
A patient’s parent is worried about giving her child a vaccine because of the risk of mercury poisoning, how do you educate this patient?
mercury has been removed from all vaccines
What is the only disease that doesn’t exist outside of a laboratory?
smallpox
What percentage of herd immunity do some vaccines require?
up to 95%
What is hepatitis B?
a contagious liver disease
How can hepatitis B be spread?
contact with blood or bodily fluids of infected persons
How long can the Hepatitis B vaccine live on contaminated objects?
up to 7 days
How many doses is the hepatitis B vaccine?
3
