Child with a fever Flashcards
presentation of bacterial meningitis symptoms in <3 months
presentation of bacterial meningitis symptoms in 3months - 3years
presentation of meningitis symptoms in >3 years
microscopy and culture of CSF should be performed in all cases except
coma or decerebrate/decorticate posturing
absent or non purposeful responses to pain
focal neurological signs or seizures
abnormal pupil size or reactions
irregular breathing
papilloedema
cardiovascular instability, bradycardia, hypertension
treatment of bacterial meningitis
antibiotics and supportive care
- 3rd gen cephalosporin
- vancomycin if pneumococcal disease is likely
- penicillin/amoxicillin (<1m or immunosuppressed)
corticosteroids - give early if at all
cautious use of IV fluids
observation and treatment of complications - convulsions, haemodynamic compromise, cerebral oedema
signs of bactrial meningitis <3 months
signs of bacterial meningitis 3months - 3 years
signs of bacterial meningitis >3 years
pathogens causing bacterial meningitis <3 months
pathogens causing bacteral meningitis 3months - 3 years
pathogens causing bacterial meningitis >3 years
complications of bacterial meningitis
death 2-5%
intellectual disability, spasticity, seizures, hydrocephalus, deafness 10-15%
learning and behavioural disorder 25-45%
important investigations for pneumonia
plasma glucose
blood cultures
CXR
NP swabs/aspirate for respiratory virus
others that may be useful: sodium, creatinine, bicarbonate, WCC, neutrophils, CRP and/or procalcitonin
bacteria causing lower resp tract infection
viruses causing lower resp tract infection