Child - Topic 4 Other Research

Question 1

Piaget

Answer 1

Stage theorist which has 4 stages:

• Sesnori-motor stage
• Pre-operational stage
• Concrete operational stage
• Formal operational stage

Question 2

Vygotsky

Answer 2

Cognitive development arises from the language and social interactions with others in a guided environment.
Believes in the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD):
-what i know
-what i can learn with help
-beyond my capabilities

Question 3

Bruner

Answer 3

Constructivist theory : (interactionist)

1. Enactive - where actual objects are used to be played with
2. Iconic - objects are represented as pictures
3. Symbolic - objects are represented as symbols or words

Question 4

Smith

Answer 4

Because an alternate item in recognition tests are such strong cues in themselves, they can overwhelm the effects of the context.

Question 5

Godden and baddely

Answer 5

Found that the context enhancement effect did not work for recognition tests.

Question 6

Baker

Answer 6

Showed that students who chewed gum at encoding and recall remembered more words from a list.

Question 7

Brehmer

Answer 7

Taught the method of loci to groups of children and adults. They found that those who used loci could recall significantly more words from a list after training and practice. Amount of practice varied with age.

Question 8

Farrand

Answer 8

Asked third year medical students to mind map a page of text. There was a significant increase of recall compared to controls.