Child Nutrition, Growth and Growth Failure

Question 1

What is the ideal birth weight?

Answer 1

3.2-3.3kg

Question 2

By how much can smoking reduce birth weight?

Answer 2

300g

Question 3

When do you introduce solids?

Answer 3

4-6 months

Question 4

What is the best substitute for milk?

Answer 4

Water

Question 5

How heavy should a 1year old be?

Answer 5

8-11kg

Question 6

What are the expected weight gains in the first year of life?

Answer 6

0-3m 150-200g/week
3-6m 100-150g/week
6-12m 70-90g/week

Question 7

When does the chewing reflex develop?

Answer 7

7-9 months

Question 8

What solids for you try first? How many tries?

Answer 8

Fortified cereals

8 times

Question 9

What is a good guide for how much meat a child should have?

Answer 9

The size of their palm

Question 10

What is a good guide for how much carb a child should have?

Answer 10

The size of their fist

Question 11

How much vegetable/salad should they eat?

Answer 11

Half a plate

Question 12

What is the definition of failure to thrive (FTT)

Answer 12

less than 3% of weight

Or dropping 2 or more percentile tracks

Question 13

What is catch down growth?

Answer 13

Catching genetic potential

Question 14

What are the three grow measures?

Answer 14

Height
Weight
Head circumference

Question 15

What happens with head circumference in growth?

Answer 15

It is preserved at all costs

- Head circumference will be maintained when weight and height is dropping

Question 16

What are some prenatal causes of FTT?

Answer 16

Prenatal

• Prematurity with complications
• Maternal malnutrition
• Toxic exposure in utero
• Alcohol, smoking, medications, infections – IUGR
• Chromosomal abnormalities

Question 17

What are some postnatal causes of FTT?

Answer 17

Poor absorption
Inadequate intake
Increased metabolic demand

Question 18

Why might inadequate intake occur?

Answer 18

Inability to suck
Vomiting
GI pain or dysmotility
Lack of appetite, chronic illness
Early or late introduction of solids

Question 19

How much of birth weight can be lost in the first few weeks?

Answer 19

10%

Question 20

What can cause poor absorption?

Answer 20

Coeliac disease
Chronic liver disease
Pancreatic insufficiency eg. Cystic fibrosis
Chronic diarrhoea
Cow milk protein intolerance

Question 21

What can cause high output?

Answer 21

Chronic illness
Urinary tract infection
Chronic Respiratory disease eg. Cystic Fibrosis
Congenital heart disease
Diabetes Mellitus
Hyperthyroidism

Question 22

What are other medical causes of FFT?

Answer 22

Genetic disorder

Inborn errors of metabolism