Child- Gibson

Question 1

perception

Answer 1

process by which our minds organise, process and make sense of sensory data.

Question 2

depth perception

Answer 2

the visual ability to perceive the world in 3D, coupled with the ability to gauge how far away an object is.

Depth perception, size, and distance are ascertained through both monocular (one eye) and binocular (two eyes) cues. Monocular vision is poor at determining depth. When an image is projected onto a single retina, cues about the relative size of the object compared to other objects are obtained. In binocular vision, these relative sizes are compared, since each individual eye is seeing a slightly different image from a different angle.

Question 3

face perception

Answer 3

1 month- recognise mum
5 months-a child is able to differentiate between smiles and fear.
At 9 months a child can recognise a female face as different from a male face, but not the other way around. This is only shown if the face has stereotypical features such as hair length and clothing. However, this could simply be a child’s innate programme to recognise female faces. However, babies who have a male as a primary carer are able to differentiate male from female, but not the other way around. This suggests that it might not be innate, but a skill that is developed due to familiarity with one gender.

Question 4

how can perceptual development be studied in kids

Answer 4

• habituation- only interest in new things
• Campos showed that 6 week old babies placed on a visual cliff had a decreased heart rate and they started to whimper, showing a fearful response.
• preferential looking- longer the look the more interesting it is
• selective rearing

Question 5

sensory integrative therapy

Answer 5

1. autism and ADHD have sensory deficits
2. hyposensitive= under hypersensitive= over
3. learn to deal by using play
4. sensory deprivation = learning probs
5. therapy needs to be fun
6. test, holistic programme, intrinsic motivation

Question 6

aim

Answer 6

can babies determine depth

innate or learnt

Question 7

sample

Answer 7

36 human children
all crawling
chickens and lambs and rats too

Question 8

design

Answer 8

no IV

DV behaviour

Question 9

method

Answer 9

1. visual cliff
2. chequered cloth gave visual cues
3. infants put on centre board whilst mothers called from deep side
4. child moved
5. adjustable shallow side so goats and rats lowered down to see behaviour
6. grey cloth instead with rats

Question 10

results

Answer 10

75% kids shallow side
most those kids cried
all animals avoided deep side
kittens raised in darkness went onto shallow
76% turtles crossed

Question 11

conclusions

Answer 11

evolutionary

as soon as they move have depth perception

kittens developed it later so learnt for them