Child development - families and parenting

Question 1

What are Baumrind’s styles of parenting?

Answer 1

Authoritarian - strict ideas about discipline and behaviour that are not open to discussion. Authoritative - ideas about discipline and behaviour that are explained and discussed with children. Permissive - relaxed ideas about discipline & behaviour.

Question 2

According to Maccoby and Martin, what are the demanding/undemanding and responsive/unresponsive styles of parenting? What is their significance?

Answer 2

Demanding + responsive = authoritative

Demanding +unresponsive = authoritarian

Undemanding + responsive = permissive

Undemanding + unresponsive = uninvolved

Demanding = behavioural control

Responsiveness = psychological control

Question 3

What are the features of authoritative parenting?

Answer 3

Parental acceptance and warmth.
Supervision and strictness.
Democracy and supporting autonomy.

Question 4

What did Steinberg et al discover about the children of authoritative parents?

Answer 4

Better academic achievement.

Socially competent.

Question 5

At what age do children show an interest in their peers?

Answer 5

12-18 months

Question 6

At what age does play become sex segregated?

Answer 6

5-6 years

Question 7

At what age do children develop cliques/gangs?

Answer 7

12+

Question 8

What are the features of the the popular sociometric status?

Answer 8

High most liked, low least liked. Socially competent.

Question 9

What are the features of the controversial sociometric status?

Answer 9

High most liked, high least liked.

Dominant characters, sociable and aggressive.

Question 10

What are the features of the neglected sociometric status?

Answer 10

Low most liked, low least liked.

Well-adjusted, shy

Question 11

What are the features of the rejected sociometric status?

Answer 11

Low most liked, high least liked.

At risk, withdrawal, high aggression.