Child Bearing Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Mons Pubis

A

fat pad on top of the pubic bone that cushions the pelvis

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2
Q

Labia Majora and Minora

A

Rich in sebaceous glands (lubrication and bactericide). Provides protection for inner structures

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3
Q

Clitoris

A

Rich in blood and nerves. Secretes smegma (odour is a sexual stimulant)

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4
Q

Paraurethral Glands

A

Lubricates vaginal vestibule to facilitate intercourse

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5
Q

Bartholin’s Glands

A

secretes a clear, thick, alkaline (acidic) substance that enhances viability and mobility of sperm

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6
Q

Perineum

A

wedge shaped area between vagina and the anus

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7
Q

What are the two sections of the uterus?

A

Corpus (upper 2/3)

isthmus (lower 1/3)

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8
Q

what are the three layers of the uterus?

A

Perimetreum (outer layer)
Myometrium (muscular middle layer)
Endometrium (inner mucous membrane, influenced by hormones)

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9
Q

What are the three layers of the Myometrium

A

Outer layer: top portion of the uterus. Has longitudinal fibers to push down on the baby.

Middle layer: interlacing fibers in a figure 8/wave pattern. surrounds blood vessels and acts as a tourniquet to stop bleeding after birth

Inner layer: horizontal fibers that circle the uterus. Act as a sphincter at the internal os of the cervix

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the myometrium being continuous with the fallopian tubes, vagina, and ligaments?

A

Allows the organs to present a unified reaction during ovulation and orgasms. All layers act as a whole

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11
Q

Cervix

A

the neck of the uterus

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12
Q

Internal and external Os

A

Internal and external openings of the cervix

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13
Q

What are the 4 types of pelvises?

A

Glynecoid - most favourable (normal heart shape)

Android - not favourable. heart is smaller (male like) fetal head enters in transverse or posterior position.

Antrhropoid - vertically elongated heart shape. Favourable

Platypelloid - horizontally elongated heart shape. not favourable. fetal head engages in
transverse position

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14
Q

What is the Bregma (frontal fontanelle)?

A

Large diamond shaped intersection between frontal cranial sutures (much larger than posterior)

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15
Q

Define Mentum

A

Fetal chin

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16
Q

Define Sinciput

A

Anterior area known as the brow

17
Q

Define Vertex

A

Area between the anterior and posterior fontanelles

18
Q

Posterior fontanelle

A

triangle shaped intersection between posterior cranial sutures (smaller than bregma)

19
Q

Occiput

A

the bony area of the occipital bone

20
Q

What is caput succedaneum (usually just called caput)?

A

it is the localized swelling (can be bruising) of the soft tissue of the scalp. Occurs in long/difficult labours or vacuum extractions.

It is present at birth, crosses suture lines, and goes away 12 hours to a few days

21
Q

What is cephalhematoma?

A

a collection of blood resulting from ruptured blood vessels between the surface of the cranial bone and perioseteal membrane

Never crosses suture lines, swelling takes time to appear after birth, takes 6 weeks to clear.

22
Q

Why does jaundice occur in newborns?

A

when a baby is born it has excessive amounts of RBCs and begin to break down the excess. Their small liver has to pull out the biproducts and because it is not fully developed, it can be overloaded resulting in jaundice.

23
Q

Why does cephalhematoma increase the chance of jaundice?

A

The swelling is a result of capillaries bursting. This means that there are more RBCs to break down than a baby normally would have to deal with.

24
Q

What is the linea Nigra?

A

a dark vertical line that appears on the abdomen in about 3/4 of all pregnancies