CHEMISTRY FINAL

Question 1

chemistry

Answer 1

study of molecules and matter

Question 2

element

Answer 2

pure substance, only 1 atom type

Question 3

chemical change

Answer 3

observes chemical change

Question 4

physical change

Answer 4

observes w/o chemical change

Question 5

chemical property

Answer 5

actual substance change

Question 6

physical property

Answer 6

no substance change, just characteristics

Question 7

K

Answer 7

kilo, 10 to 3rd

Question 8

m

Answer 8

milli, 10 to -3rd

Question 9

C

Answer 9

centi, 10 to -2nd

Question 10

d

Answer 10

deci, 10 to -1st

Question 11

mass

Answer 11

m, kilogram

Question 12

length

Answer 12

l, meter

Question 13

temperature

Answer 13

T, kelvin

Question 14

mole

Answer 14

amount of substance, n and mol

Question 15

density

Answer 15

mass + volume,

Question 16

volume

Answer 16

length x width x height

Question 17

scientific method

Answer 17

observing data, hypothesizing, testing, and theorizing

Question 18

sig figs

Answer 18

0s only impt if btwn number, in front of number, or after of decimal point

Question 19

precision

Answer 19

how close together group of measurements are

Question 20

inversly proportional

Answer 20

xy = k, hyperbola

Question 21

directly proportional

Answer 21

y =kx, linear

Question 22

Democritus

Answer 22

thought matter couldn’t be divided indefinitely. Called the smallest part “atoms”, or atom.

Question 23

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 23

“Gold Foil” experiment. Discovered that the atom is mostly empty space, with a positive nucleus

Question 24

john dalton

Answer 24

Proposed the first modern Atomic Theory stating that atoms were solid and indivisible.

Question 25

jj thomson

Answer 25

plum pudding, atoms are composite objects, made of pieces with positive and negative charge, and that the negatively charged electrons within the atom were very small

Question 26

millikan

Answer 26

oil drop experiment, oil charged to mass ratio of electron

Question 27

gold foil experiment

Answer 27

alpha particles shot thru gold foil to screen. it made 180 ==> discovering nucleus

Question 28

cathode ray

Answer 28

glass tube electrocuted = gas glowed green, negatively

Question 29

atomic number

Answer 29

is # of protons and nucleus, protons = electrons

Question 30

mass numer

Answer 30

protons + neutrons, round to whole number

Question 31

isotopes

Answer 31

atoms of same element but diff masses

Question 32

average mass

Answer 32

1. change % abundance 2. multiply decimal by mass 3. add answers

Question 33

avogadru's number

Answer 33

amount of atoms in a mole. 6.02 x 10 to 23rd

Question 34

converting

Answer 34

g ==> mol ==> atoms

Question 35

electromagnetic radiation

Answer 35

waves ==> wavelength

Question 36

Electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 36

range of wavelengths and frequencies.

Question 37

electrons

Answer 37

negative particles

Question 38

wavelength

Answer 38

gymnast doing splits kinda meter, length of a wave

Question 39

frequency

Answer 39

stretched out V waves per second, hertz

Question 40

speed of light

Answer 40

3.00 x 10 to 8 mls

Question 41

equations for speed of light

Answer 41

C = AV, A = C / V, V = C / A

Question 42

planck

Answer 42

E = h v = 6.26 x 10 -34 J

Question 43

heisenberg uncertainty principle

Answer 43

can't know position and velocity of electron at same time

Question 44

quantum numbers

Answer 44

principal = n and energy level 1-7

Question 45

angular momentum

Answer 45

(sublevel)

Question 46

principal

Answer 46

(energy level)

Question 47

magnets

Answer 47

m, which orbital

Question 48

spin, s

Answer 48

+-1/2

Question 49

aufbau

Answer 49

lowest energy orbital

Question 50

pauli

Answer 50

no 2 electrons have same set of quantum numbers

Question 51

hund

Answer 51

electrons occupy empty orbitals before pairing

Question 52

S = 0

Answer 52

1 orbital, 2 electrons

Question 53

P = 1

Answer 53

3 orbitals, 6 electrons

Question 54

D = 2

Answer 54

5 orbitals, 10 electrons

Question 55

F = 3

Answer 55

7 orbitals, 19 electrons

Question 56

shapes

Answer 56

linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, bent; molecular polarity; intermolecular attraction