APUSH CH 3 Flashcards
indentured servants
colonists who recieved free passage to north america in exchange for working w/o pay for number of years. upon service completion, female indentures were to get married and male indentures were to recieve clothing, tools, + maybe land. many male indentures were left with nothing leading to social problems in the late 17th century.
middle passage
the long journey to the americas, during which the prisoners were usually kept chained in the bowels of the slave ships and supplied with only minimal food & water. slave trades crammed as many people they could. those who died on the ships were thrown overboard.
Royal African Company
a trading company chartered by the english government in 1672 to conduct its merchants’ trade on the atlantic coast of Africa.
“slave codes”
laws passed by southern slave owners to keep slaves from either running away or rebelling. these laws forbade slaves to gather in groups, required a written pass for slaves to leave their owner’s land, forbade slaves to own guns, forbade slaves to learn to read & write and forbade slaves to testify in court
huguenots
french protestants. the edict of nantes in 1598 freed them from persecution in france, but when that was revoked in the late 1700s, hundreds of thousands of huguenots fled to other countries including america.
stono rebellion
most serious example of slaves resisting their masters. in south caroline in 1739, during which about 100 black people rose up, seized weapons, killed several white people, and attempted to escape south to florida. The uprising was quickly crushed and most participants were executed.
salem witch trials
series of hearings & prosecutions of mostly women accused of witchcraft in colonial massachusetts. the “trials” were a total joke. 20 were executed, 14 were women. many accused ‘witches’ were of low social standing, often involved in domestic conflicts. others were women who had come into substantial property.
Great Awakening
1st great american revival. began in the 1730s and reached its peak in the 1740s. the revival appealed to women and to younger sons of 3rd or 4th gen. of settlers who had uncertain futures. the revival was about breaking from your past to start anew in a relationship w/ God. Jonathon Edwards was the outstanding preacher of the revival.
The enlightenment
The product of scientific and intellectual discoveries during the 17th century. Ideas of the enlightenment are natural rights, equality, free expression of ideas, separation of church and state, government power comes from the people, and limits on government power.
Jonathan Edwards
The outstanding preacher of the Great Awakening; he preached the absolute sovereignty of God, predestination, and salvation by God’s grace alone. Known for his “sinners in the hands of an angry god” sermon. One of the 1st presidents of Princeton.
John Peter Zenger
Journalist who questioned the policies of the governor of New York in the 1700s. He was jailed he sued and his court case was the basis for our freedom of speech and press; he was found not guilty.
