chemistry ch 5 Flashcards
mendelev
organized the 1st periodic table, based on atomic mass
Moseley
reorganized periodic table based on atomic number
periodic law
properties of elements repeat periodically
lanthanides
elements 58 - 71, 4f
actinides
elements 90 -103, 5f
group 1
alkaline metals except hydrogen, soft and reactive, have 1 outer electron
octet rule
need 8 electrons to be happy
group 2
alkaline earth metal, not as soft or reactive, has 2 outer electrons
groups 3 - 12
transition elements, has 2 outer electrons
what form is group d?
solid except for mercury
group 17
halogens, nonmetals, 7 outer electrons, reactive
group 18
noble gases, 8 outer electrons except helium which has 2 outer electrons
atomic radius
radius of an atom
ion
atom that has gained or lost an electron
positive ions are ?
smaller, have lost an electron
negative ions are ?
bigger, has gained an electron
ionic radius
radius of an ion
T to B - ionic radius
larger, smaller pull from nucleus to left to right
L to R - ionic radius
smaller, pull from nucleus
Group 15
increase in size, changed to making negative ions
ionization energy
energy to remove electron from atom
T to B - ionization energy
less, large atoms care less about outer level
L to R - ionization energy
more, they’re closer to having 8 electrons
electron affinity
how much will an atom give to get an electron
T to B - electron affinity
less, large atoms care less about outer level
L to R - electron affinity
more, they’re closer to having 8 electrons
electronegavity
how bad do you electron is wanted
T to B - electronegavity
less, large atoms care less about outer level
L to R - electronegavity
more, they’re closer to having 8 electrons
valence
outer level electrons
