chemistry and physiology of the synapse Flashcards
What are the two families of postsynaptic receptors
ligand-gated ion channels and G-protein couples receptors
Outline ionotropic receptors
they are ligand-gated ion channels that are responsible for fast transmission of information to the post synaptic neuron.
What are the 3 types of ionotropic receptors that respond to glutamate
NMDA, AMPA, Kainate
What are the agonists and antagonist for NMDA receptors
agonist: NMDA, antagonist: APV
What are the agonists and antagonist for AMPA receptors
agonist: AMPA, antagonist: CNQX
What are the agonists and antagonist for Kainate receptors
agonist: Kainic acid, antagonist: CNQX
Outline NMDA receptor
slow opening channel, permeable to Ca2+ aswell as Na+ and K+, requires extracellular glycine as a cofactor to open the channel.
What happens when NMDA receptors are dysregulated
Research has associated it with hallucinations that are associated with schizophrenia.
What are some other ionotropic (LG) receptors
glutamate, GABA, Glycine, Nicotine, Seretonin, ATP
Outline the second messenger system when noradrenaline binds
G-protein coupled receptor is activated which activated adenylyl cyclase which activates cAMP, Protein Kinase A and leads to and increased protein phosphorylation
Outline the second messenger system when glutamate binds
G-protein coupled receptor is activated which activates phospholipase c which can lead to 2 diff cascased. diacylglycerol activates protein kinase c and ip3 activates calcium ions release but both cascades lead to increase protein phosphorylation and activate calcium binding proteins.
Outline the second messenger system when dopamine binds
adenylyl cyclase activates cAMP which activates protein kinase A, decrease prtoein phosphorylation.
give some examples of metabotropic receptors
they belong to diff groups which are defined by the presence of diff types of alpha subunits. seretonic , dopamine , neuropeptide receptors have metabotripic receptors
