chem review Flashcards
available bonds in carbon
4
available bonds in nitrogen
3
available bonds in oxygen
2
available bonds in hydrogen
1
what does carbon bond to?
other carbons + other elements
are alkanes saturated or unsaturated?
saturated
are alkenes saturated or unsaturated?
unsaturated
are alkynes saturated or unsaturated?
unsaturated
what is another name for single bonds?
alkanes
what is another name for double bonds?
alkenes
what is another name for triple bonds?
alkynes
what are common functional groups that bind to carbons?
alcohols, ethers, carboxylic acids, esters, aldehydes, ketones
what is the naturally occurring form of amino acids?
L (levo) form
what are saturated fatty acids based on?
alkanes
methane
1 carbon
ethane
2 carbons
propane
3 carbons
butane
4 carbons
pentane
5 carbons
hexane
6 carbons
heptane
7 carbons
octane
8 carbons
nonane
9 carbons
decane
10 carbons
eicosane
20 carbons
what are unsaturated fatty acids based on?
alkenes
what is the naturally occurring configuration of unsaturated fatty acids?
cis configuration
what is the structure order of oxidation of a carbon? (amino acid groups)
alkane -> alcohol -> aldehyde -> carboxylic acid
why are hydrogen bonds important?
play a key role in stabilizing molecules
what is the functional group?
alkyl halide
what is the functional group?
alkene (ethene)
what is the functional group?
alkyne (hexyne)
what is the functional group?
alcohol
what is the functional group?
ether
what is the functional group?
thiol
what is the functional group?
sulfide
what is the functional group?
aromatic or arene
what is the functional group?
ketone
what is the functional group?
aldehyde
what is the functional group?
carboxylic acid
what is the functional group?
acyl halide
what is the functional group?
anhydride
what is the functional group?
ester
what is the functional group?
amide
what is the functional group?
amine
What functional groups are found in glucose?
Aldehyde alcohol carbohydrate
What functional group is found in fructose ?
Ketone alcohol carbohydrate