Characteristics Of Living Organisms Details Flashcards
Components of the taxonomic system(from greatest to lowest)
-Kingdom
-Phylum
-Class
-Order
-Family
-Genus
-Species
Main groups of vertebrates
-Mammals
-Fish
-Amphibians
-Birds
-Reptiles
Main groups of arthropods
-Insects
-Crustaceans
-Myriapods
-Arachnids
Features of fish
-Have gills
-Have fins
-Scaly skin
Features of amphibians
-Moist, scaleless skin
-Eggs laid in water, larva(tadpole) lives in water
-Adult lives on land
-Larva has gills, adult has lungs
Features of birds
-Lay eggs with hard shells
-Endothermic(capable of internally generating heat)
-Heart has four chambers
Features of reptiles
-Scaly skin
-Lay eggs with rubbery shells
Features of mammals
-Have hair/fur
-Have a placenta
-Endothermic
-Young feed on milk from mammary glands
-Heart has four chambers
General characteristics of arthropods
-Several pairs of jointed legs
-Exoskeleton
Characteristics of insects
-Three pairs of jointed legs
-Two pairs of wings
-Breathe through tracheas
-Body divided into head, thorax and abdomen
Characteristics of crustaceans
-More than four pairs of jointed legs
-Breathe through gills
Characteristics of myriapods
-Body consists of many segments
-Each segment has jointed legs
Characteristics of arachnids
-Four pairs of jointed legs
-Breathe through gills(called book lungs)
The kingdoms
-Animal
-Plant
-Fungus
-Prokaryote
-Protoctist
Features of animals
-Multicellular
-Have a nucleus but no cell wall or chloroplasts
Features of plants
-Multicellular
-Cells have a nucleus, cell walls made of cellulose and often contain chloroplast
-Feed by photosynthesis
-May have roots, stems or leaves
Features of fungi
-Usually multicellular
-Have nuclei
-Have cell walls(not made of cellulose)
-Don’t have chlorophyll
-Feed by saprophytic or parasitic nutrition
Features of protoctista
-Multicellular or unicellular
-Have a nucleus
-May/may not have a cell wall or chloroplasts
-Some feed by photosynthesis, others feed on organic substances
Features of prokaryotes
-Often unicellular
-Have no nucleus
-Have cell walls(made of cellulose)
-Have no mitochondria
Features of ferns
-Have roots, stems, and leaf-like fronds
-Reproduce using spores(no flowers/seeds)
-No waxy cuticle layer on leaves
Features of flowering plants
-Have roots, stems and flowers
-Reproduce using seeds found in fruits
Types of flowering plants
-Monocotyledon
-Dicotyledon
Features of monocotyledons
-Long leaves with parallel veins
-Petals in groups of 3
-Branching roots
Features of dicotyledons
-Broad leaves with branching veins
-Petals in groups of 4 or 5
-Tap roots
Features of viruses
-Not living things
-Take over a host cell’s metabolic pathways to make multiple copies of themselves
-Structure is simply genetic material inside a protein coat
