Chapters 6&7 Cellular Replspiration And Photosynthesis

Question 0

Heterotrophs

Answer 0

An Organism that eats other organisms for food

Question 1

Autotroph

Answer 1

An organism that makes its own food

Question 2

Digestion

Answer 2

The process of breaking down food into smaller mol ovules

Question 3

Catabolism

Answer 3

Break down of organic moloculess in metabolic pathways

Question 4

Aerobic respiration

Answer 4

Respiration in the presence of oxygen

Question 5

Anerobic respiration

Answer 5

Respiration noting the presence of oxygen, small quantity of tap

Question 6

Fermentation

Answer 6

Partial degradation of sugars without oxygen into alcohol or acetic acid

Question 7

Four stages of cellular respiration

Answer 7

1. Glycolysis 2. Oxidation of pyruvate 3. Krebs cycle 4. Electron transport chain

Question 8

Chemosynthesis

Answer 8

Occurs in places where there isn’t much light-> ex the ocean

Question 9

What is delta g

Answer 9

Free energy-> 686kcal/mol

Question 10

Photosynthesis reaction

Answer 10

6CO2 + 6H20 + light energy -> c6H12O6

Question 11

Cellular respiration

Answer 11

Most efficient catabolic pathway, consumes oxygen and organic molecules, yields ATP.

Question 12

Redox reactions

Answer 12

Any reaction which transfers electrons from one reactant to another

Question 13

Cellular respiration steps

Answer 13

1. Glycolysis (in cytoplasm) 2. Krebs cycle 3. ETC

Question 14

Chemiosmosis

Answer 14

Releases 32-34 atp

Question 15

Alcoholic fermentation

Answer 15

Pyruvate is converted to ethanol in 2 steps

Question 16

Lactic acid fermentation

Answer 16

Ex when running Glucose->pyruvate

Question 17

Photosynthesis light reaction

Answer 17

Carried out in thylakoids Converts light energy into ATP and NADPH Splits h20 and releases 02 into atmosphere Photo system 2 before photo system 1

Question 18

Calvin cycle

Answer 18

Takes place in stroma Uses ATP and NADPH to convert co2 to the sugar G3 Returns adp, nadp+ and inorganic phosphate to light reaction

Question 19

Glycolysis(cellular respiration)

Answer 19

Starts in cytoplasm with a 6 carbon glucose, cut in 1/2 into two pyruvates NET 2 ATP (produces 4, uses 2)

Question 20

Krebs cycle/ citric acid cycle

Answer 20

Takes place in cristaste of mitochondria Acetal CoA(2 carbon) merges with oxaloacetic acid (4 carbon) to form 6 carbon citric acid Citric acid is oxidized in the cycle forming oxaloacetic acid again, released 3 NADH, 1 ATP, 1 FADH2 PER TURN (1 turn per Pyruvate-> 2 total turns)

Question 21

Electron transport chain

Answer 21

2 FADH2 and 10 NADH from Krebs cycle are input into ETC, help pump things through ATP synthase and produce 30 ATP (plus 4 earlier = 34-38 total)

Question 22

Stomates

Answer 22

Allow gasses like water vapor and oxygen into and out of the leaf

Question 23

Thylakoid membranes

Answer 23

Where light reactions take place

Question 24

Stroma

Answer 24

Liquid in which dark reactions take place

Question 25

What does chlorophyll do when excited by protons

Answer 25

Causes electrons to jump to higher energy levels

Question 26

Cellular respiration equation

Answer 26

c6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H20

Question 27

Krebs/Citric acid cycle

Answer 27

Question 28

electron transport chain (process)

Answer 28

electrons go through ETC which punches protons across proteins in the membrane, the protons go through atp synthase and produce ATP (through chemiosmosis???)

Question 29

Photosystem 2

Answer 29

light strikes reaction center of photosystem 2

electrons get excited, move

water molocules bond to an enzyme where they are split, electrons from water replace moved electrons and oxygen is produced

electrons pump protons across the membrane and create a proton gradient, adp goes through atp synthase and creates atp

Question 30

photosystem 1

Answer 30

photosystem 1 absorbs photons of light, excites electrons which go through the pump to NADP reductase, create NADPH

electrons from photosystem 1 replaced by eelectrons from photosystem 2