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APBIO > Chapters 4&5 Cell Structure > Flashcards

Chapters 4&5 Cell Structure Flashcards

(53 cards)

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0
Q

Eukaryotes cells

A

True nucleus, large and complex, many membrane bound organelles, ribosomes PLANTS ANIMALS PROTISTS FUNGI

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1
Q

Prokaryote cells

A

No nucleus Small, simple No membrane bound organelles (ONLY HAVE RIBOSOMES) BACTERIA + ARCHEA

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

“Control center”, gene control, holds DNA

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3
Q

Smooth ER

A

Makes lipids, breaks down toxins

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4
Q

Vacuoles

A

PLANT CELL ONLY stores/regulates water, food and other materials within the cell

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5
Q

Rough ER

A

Holds ribosomes, lattice to build things?

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6
Q

Lysosomes

A

Break down material ANIMAL CELLS ONLY

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7
Q

Mitochondria

A

Powerhouse of the cell, makes energy in the form of ATP electron transport chain -> christaste are folds inside inner membrain

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8
Q

Ribosome

A

Made of proteins and RNA made in the nucleoulus Allows MRNA through the center

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9
Q

Nucleolous

A

Makes ribosomes

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10
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Photosynthesis Thylakoid membrane -> grana Liquid stroma

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11
Q

Stores material within the cell

A

Vacuole

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12
Q

Closely stacked, flattened stacks

A

Grana/chloroplasts

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13
Q

Transports material within the cell

A

Vesicles/ ER

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14
Q

Contains chlorophyll, a pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants green color

A

Chloroplasts

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15
Q

Peoxisome

A

Similar to lysosomes -> digests excess worn out cell parts and invading viruses

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16
Q

Storage of food enzymes and waste

A

Vacuole/vehicle

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17
Q

Produces a usable form of energy for the cell

A

Mitochondria

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18
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Packages proteins for transport out of the cell

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19
Q

Produces lipids

A

Smooth ER

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20
Q

Where ribosomes are made

A

Nucleoulus

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21
Q

Provides support for the cell

Study These Flashcards
A

Micro tubules/ microfiliments / cytoskeleton

22
Q

Hollow tubes that provide support for the cell

Study These Flashcards
A

Micro tubules

23
Q

Hair like structures used for movement and sensing things

24
Vacuole
Stores material within the cell
25
Grana/chloroplasts
Closely stacked, flattened stacks
26
Vesicles/ ER
Transports material within the cell
27
Chloroplasts
Contains chlorophyll, a pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants green color
28
Similar to lysosomes -\> digests excess worn out cell parts and invading viruses
Peoxisome
29
Vacuole/vehicle
Storage of food enzymes and waste
30
Mitochondria
Produces a usable form of energy for the cell
31
Smooth ER
Produces lipids
32
Nucleoulus
Where ribosomes are made
33
Micro tubules/ microfiliments / cytoskeleton
Provides support for the cell
34
Micro tubules
Hollow tubes that provide support for the cell
35
Cilla
Hair like structures used for movement and sensing things
36
plasma membrane
separates cell from non living surroundings selectivley permeable (chooses what may pass based on size and charge)
37
phospholipids
phosphate group attached to a lipid -\> amphipathic
38
Proteins function in membranes
transport: form a channel to allow charged or large molocules through the membrane enzyme: may be an enzyme with the active site exposed signaling cell regognition: regognizing other cells based on theri proteins intercellular joining: joining with other proteins at intercellular junctions
39
transport proteins
allow passage of hydrophillic substances
40
osmosis
affected by the concentration gradient of dissolved substansas called tonicity | (meaning the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water)
41
plasmolysis
cell losing water
42
lysis
explosion of a cell
43
turgor
pressur of water inside a cell pushing out
44
facilitated diffusion
passive transport aided by transport proteins DOES NOT USE ENERGY
45
active transport
uses energy to move solutes against concentration gradient -\> forces things in a lower concentrated area to move into a higher concentrated one USES ATP ex: thyroid
46
microfiliments
solid, rodlike structures consisting of actin protein
47
hypotonic
explodes with too much water around cells
48
hypertonic
becomes shrivlred from water leaving cell In plant cells shrivels within cell wall
49
isotonic
cell stays the same
50
explodes with too much water around cells
hypotonic
51
becomes shrivlred from water leaving cell In plant cells shrivels within cell wall
hypertonic
52
cell stays the same
isotonic

APBIO (13 decks)

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