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APBIO > Chapters 4&5 Cell Structure > Flashcards

Chapters 4&5 Cell Structure Flashcards

0
Q

Eukaryotes cells

A

True nucleus, large and complex, many membrane bound organelles, ribosomes PLANTS ANIMALS PROTISTS FUNGI

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1
Q

Prokaryote cells

A

No nucleus Small, simple No membrane bound organelles (ONLY HAVE RIBOSOMES) BACTERIA + ARCHEA

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2
Q

Nucleus

A

“Control center”, gene control, holds DNA

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3
Q

Smooth ER

A

Makes lipids, breaks down toxins

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4
Q

Vacuoles

A

PLANT CELL ONLY stores/regulates water, food and other materials within the cell

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5
Q

Rough ER

A

Holds ribosomes, lattice to build things?

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6
Q

Lysosomes

A

Break down material ANIMAL CELLS ONLY

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7
Q

Mitochondria

A

Powerhouse of the cell, makes energy in the form of ATP electron transport chain -> christaste are folds inside inner membrain

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8
Q

Ribosome

A

Made of proteins and RNA made in the nucleoulus Allows MRNA through the center

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9
Q

Nucleolous

A

Makes ribosomes

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10
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Photosynthesis Thylakoid membrane -> grana Liquid stroma

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11
Q

Stores material within the cell

A

Vacuole

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12
Q

Closely stacked, flattened stacks

A

Grana/chloroplasts

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13
Q

Transports material within the cell

A

Vesicles/ ER

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14
Q

Contains chlorophyll, a pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants green color

A

Chloroplasts

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15
Q

Peoxisome

A

Similar to lysosomes -> digests excess worn out cell parts and invading viruses

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16
Q

Storage of food enzymes and waste

A

Vacuole/vehicle

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17
Q

Produces a usable form of energy for the cell

A

Mitochondria

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18
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Packages proteins for transport out of the cell

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19
Q

Produces lipids

A

Smooth ER

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20
Q

Where ribosomes are made

A

Nucleoulus

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21
Q

Provides support for the cell

A

Micro tubules/ microfiliments / cytoskeleton

22
Q

Hollow tubes that provide support for the cell

A

Micro tubules

23
Q

Hair like structures used for movement and sensing things

24
Q

Vacuole

A

Stores material within the cell

25
Q

Grana/chloroplasts

A

Closely stacked, flattened stacks

26
Q

Vesicles/ ER

A

Transports material within the cell

27
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Contains chlorophyll, a pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants green color

28
Q

Similar to lysosomes -> digests excess worn out cell parts and invading viruses

29
Q

Vacuole/vehicle

A

Storage of food enzymes and waste

30
Q

Mitochondria

A

Produces a usable form of energy for the cell

31
Q

Smooth ER

A

Produces lipids

32
Q

Nucleoulus

A

Where ribosomes are made

33
Q

Micro tubules/ microfiliments / cytoskeleton

A

Provides support for the cell

34
Q

Micro tubules

A

Hollow tubes that provide support for the cell

35
Q

Cilla

A

Hair like structures used for movement and sensing things

36
Q

plasma membrane

A

separates cell from non living surroundings

selectivley permeable (chooses what may pass based on size and charge)

37
Q

phospholipids

A

phosphate group attached to a lipid -> amphipathic

38
Q

Proteins function in membranes

A

transport: form a channel to allow charged or large molocules through the membrane
enzyme: may be an enzyme with the active site exposed

signaling

cell regognition: regognizing other cells based on theri proteins

intercellular joining: joining with other proteins at intercellular junctions

39
Q

transport proteins

A

allow passage of hydrophillic substances

40
Q

osmosis

A

affected by the concentration gradient of dissolved substansas called tonicity

(meaning the ability of a solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water)

41
Q

plasmolysis

A

cell losing water

42
Q

lysis

A

explosion of a cell

43
Q

turgor

A

pressur of water inside a cell pushing out

44
Q

facilitated diffusion

A

passive transport aided by transport proteins
DOES NOT USE ENERGY

45
Q

active transport

A

uses energy to move solutes against concentration gradient -> forces things in a lower concentrated area to move into a higher concentrated one
USES ATP
ex: thyroid

46
Q

microfiliments

A

solid, rodlike structures consisting of actin protein

47
Q

hypotonic

A

explodes with too much water around cells

48
Q

hypertonic

A

becomes shrivlred from water leaving cell

In plant cells shrivels within cell wall

49
Q

isotonic

A

cell stays the same

50
Q

explodes with too much water around cells

51
Q

becomes shrivlred from water leaving cell

In plant cells shrivels within cell wall

A

hypertonic

52
Q

cell stays the same

APBIO (13 decks)

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