ap exam big idea: evolution

Question 1

Evidence for evolution

Answer 1

Comparative anatomy
biogeography
Embryology
Fossil record 
Biological classification 
Molecular biology

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

A reproductively isolated population able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 3

Allopathic speciation

Answer 3

Species separated geographically develop into different species

Question 4

Sympatric speciation

Answer 4

Populations in the same environment adapt to fill different niches

Question 5

protobionts

Answer 5

Droplets of segregated chemicals - early protobionts were RNA that evolved into DNA

Question 6

Analogus structures

Answer 6

Similar function different origin

Question 7

Homologous structures

Answer 7

Same origin and structure different function

Question 8

Punctuated equilibrium

Answer 8

Large change occurs quickly with long periods of no change

Question 9

Molecular clock hypothesis

Answer 9

Linear rate of evolutions

Question 10

Stabilizing selection

Answer 10

Eliminates extreemesat both ends

Question 11

Directional selection

Answer 11

One extreme is selected against

Question 12

Disruptive selection

Answer 12

Favors both extremes but not the middle

Question 13

prezygotic barriers

Answer 13

Ecological, temporal, behavioral, mechanical physiological

Question 14

Post zygotic barriers

Answer 14

Inevitability or sterility of offspring

Question 15

Domains

Answer 15

Archaea, bacteria, eukaria

Question 16

Eukaryia

Answer 16

Split into four groups: protoctista, fungi, playmate, and Anamalia

Question 17

Radial symmetry

Answer 17

Have a side with a mouth and one without, but theres no specific back or front left or right

Question 18

Bilateral symetry

Answer 18

Like humans, have head back front bottom etc

Question 19

chordata

Answer 19

Animal group that has any of the following features: Notochord, dorsal, hollow nerve chord, pharyngeal slits
INCLUDES: fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals

Question 20

anagenetic changes

Answer 20

Evolutionary changes without speciation

Question 21

arthropods

Answer 21

Group of organisms with the MOST diversity - over 1 million types discovered

Question 22

angiosperms

Answer 22

Flowering plants

Question 23

gymnosperms

Answer 23

Plant group that includes pine