chapters 3-4 Flashcards
in water where do the electrons spend more time near
oxygen instead of hydrogen
polar molecule
uneven charges
what allows water molecules to form hydrogen bonds with eachother
polarity
water’s emergent properties
cohesive
moderate temp
expansion upon freezing
versatility as a solvent
cohesion
when two of the same thing stick together
ex. hydrogen bonds cause water molecules to stick together
surface tension
how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
cohesion results in…
high surface tension
adhesion
attraction between dif substances
ex. water and plant walls
kinetic energy
the energy of motion
- ex. faster something is moving -> higher its jinetic energy
thermal energy
asssociated with kinetic energy
random movement of atoms of molecules
temperature
average kinetic energu of the molecules in a body of matter
- thermal energu depends on volume
heat
thermal energy in transfer from one boy of matter to another
calorie
amt of heat required to raise the temp of 1g of water by 1 degrees C
kilocalories
the “calories” on food packages
1 kcal =
1000 cal
specific heat
the amount of heat that must be absorbed ot lost for 1g of that substance to change its temp by 1 degree C
specific heat of water is
1 cal
heat is ___ when gydrogen bonds break
absorbed
heat is ____ when hydrogen bonds form
released
heat of vaporization
the heat a liquid must absorb for 1g to be converted to gas
evaperative cooling
when liquid evaporates and leaves the surface cool
water is ____ dense as a solid than as a liquid
less
solvent
the dissolving agent of a solution
solute
substance that is dissolved
